Seminario Telecom Italia

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1 GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA Seminario Telecom Italia Università di Catania Seminario Telecom Italia Terminali Mobili, Sistemi Operativi, Sviluppo Applicazioni Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET Fabio Ricciato

2 AGENDA Telecom Italia LAB Research Terminali Mobili Overview: mobile phones Cosa c è nel cellulare? Interfacce radio Quanto costa un cellulare? Mobile Phone Software Stack SIM Servizi su terminale mobile Applicazioni per cellulare Web 2.0 in Mobile Security Cellulari per macchine! Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 2

3 La Storia Le Origini 1964 Nasce a Torino CSELT, Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni, che sviluppa ricerca per il Gruppo 2001 Nasce TILAB, dalla fusione di CSELT e della BU Venture Capital & Innovation, con l obiettivo di aumentare l Innovazione del Gruppo Telecom Italia in forte coerenza con le Business Unit del Gruppo Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 3

4 La Storia Alcune Conquiste 1972 Realizzata la prima centrale italiana di commutazione elettronica 1982 Posato il primo cavo in fibra ottica per la sperimentazione del segnale TV 1988 Realizzati gli standard MPEG e MP3 per la compressione del segnale audio video 1999 Effettuata la prima telefonata UMTS al mondo in ambiente urbano 2009 A Torino parte la prima sperimentazione in campo della tecnologia LTE Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 4

5 La Mission Il Ruolo Centro di Eccellenza con la responsabilità di garantire l innovazione tecnologica del Gruppo, assicurando lo scouting di nuove tecnologie e le attività di testing, prototipazione ed engineering dei servizi e delle piattaforme di rete Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 5

6 La Struttura Organizzativa I Numeri Risorse 1060 * persone di cui l 80% laureato Brevetti oltre 2000 * depositati Laboratori più di mq Sedi Torino, Milano e Roma * Marzo 2009 Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 6

7 La Struttura Organizzativa Le Collaborazioni Nazionali e Internazionali Università Enti di standardizzazione Centri di Ricerca Aziende comparto ICT Sinergie per tracciare soluzioni innovative di medio e lungo termine, abilitando lo scambio di know-how, il contributo a progetti rilevanti e il reperimento di risorse ad elevato valore Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 7

8 Mobile Handsets: Some Research fields Evoluzione dei Terminali Mobile OS Android Device Management Non Handset Devices M2M Mobile Web 2.0: Browser and Widgets Hardware Platform SIM Evolution Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

9 Mobile Handsets: Main International Activities Evoluzione dei Terminali Open Mobile Terminal Platform Symbian Foundation BONDI Mobile Web Initiative Limo Foundation ETSI 3GPP OMA DM OHA Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 9

10 Cellulari per persone Chi si connette alla rete mobile? Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

11 Mobile Terminals TRENDS

12 Mobile Terminals: Data driver revenue 4 aliens! Motorola pres., Informa World Cellular Data Metrics, March 2008

13 Cosa c è nel cellulare? Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

14 Block Diagram of a Mobile Handset Communication Antenna RF/IF Transceiver Base-Band Processor Power Management Unit Connectivity (GPS, Bluetooth, W-LAN) Applications Application Processor Display and drivers Memories (SDRAM, Flash) Camera Module Keyboard, Microphone, Speaker Peripherals (USB, MMC, SD, IrDA) Sim Connector, Battery Vibrator Power Management Unit Sim Connector Camera Module Speaker Antenna RF/IF Transceiver Base-Band Processor Application Processor Microphone Display Display Drivers NOR / NAND Flash Battery SDRAM IrDA Connectivity GPS Bluetooth W-LAN Peripherals Secure USB Digital MMC Keyboard Earpiece Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 14

15 Mobile Terminal Architecture: iphone Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 15

16 Interfacce radio Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

17 Technologies Source: Daniele Franceschini Telecom Italia Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 17

18 Multiradio Handset Source: Nokia TEKES, ELMO Seminar, Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 18

19 Quanto costa un cellulare? Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

20 Mobile Terminal Price Model Costi di sviluppo e produzione Margini della Sussidio Williness + + Distribuzione - + Licenze + = produzione Operatore ed IPR to pay Prezzo al consumo Cost drivers Innovazione tecnologica: le tecnologie più innovative sono appetite dai Tech Fans ed incidono significativamente sul costo/prezzo. Ciò è dovuto ai costi di ricerca e sviluppo e al ricarico dovuto all indice di rischio per la tecnologia stessa. Chipset: funzionalità maggiori richiedono chipset più potenti (l ultimo modello), più memoria volatile e storage, un maggior numero di periferiche corrisponde ad un maggior numero di chip e funzionalità di comunicazioni avanzate corrispondono ad un costo del chipset di comunicazione maggiore. Display e camera: display e camera ad alta risoluzione e con più profondità di colore. Shell: forme, meccaniche e materiali più raffinati aumentano i costi di base e di manifattura. Batteria: applicazioni complesse implicano un maggiore utilizzo dei processori e quindi una maggiore power consumption; un elevato utilizzo corrisponde ad un uso del display più prolungato. Licenze software: funzionalità maggiori come sistemi operativi full-featured, codec multimediali avanzati, software applicativi di terza parti (ad esempio browser, Java virtual machine) incrementano il costo del software e delle licenze. Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 20

21 SIM Card Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

22 What is a SIM? "A SIM is the physically secured module which contains the IMSI, an authentication algorithm, the authentication key and other (security related) information and functions. The basic function of the SIM is to authenticate the subscriber identity in order to prevent misuse of the MS (Mobile Station) and the network. (tratto dal report del meeting SIMEG#1 Gennaio 1988) Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 22

23 La SIM è nata per rispondere a esigenze di Sicurezza & Identificazione La SIM contiene gli algoritmi di autenticazione e cifratura dell operatore mobile ed identifica univocamente l abbonato Portabilità La SIM risponde a standard internazionali che ne permettono la portabilità da un terminale all altro garantendo piena interoperabilità, oltre alla personalizzazione dei terminali coi dati personali dell utente (rubrica, preferenze, ) e dell operatore (plmn per facilitare il roaming,..) Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 23

24 La SIM è una Smart Card Ovvero è una carta dotata di microchip in grado di memorizzare e processare dati Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 24

25 JavaCard Una JavaCard è una smart card con una Java Card Virtual Machine a bordo in grado di far girare applicazioni scritte utilizzando un sottoinsieme di Java (applet) Un applet JavaCard può essere installato su carte prodotte da manifatturiere differenti ed utilizza una libreria (JavaCard API) standard JavaCard è stato standardizzato da SUN e da JavaCard Forum Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 25

26 Mobile Phone Software Stack Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

27 Mobile Phone Stack User Interface Open Application Framework UIQ / Serie 60 Application Suite Java Apps Native Apps Other Open Apps Browsers Widget Engine Gaming & PIM Entertainment Suite Service Framework JVM Telephony (TAPI) Messaging Framework PIM Data Storage Connection Manager Device Management & OTA Multimedia Framework DRM Solutions SyncML Rich Player UICC Support Application Security Framework (ASF) OS kernel & Drivers Low Level Enablers Platform Displays Cameras Speakers RAM Memories NOR/NAND Memories Application Unit Multimedia Unit Baseband Unit Other L-PAN Connectivity Other WAN-Bro Connectivity UICC interface Battery&PMU Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 27

28 Servizi su terminale mobile Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

29 Nuovo servizio Tecnologie Esigenze Concept Terminali Rete Sistemi Servizio Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 29

30 Services Development: Multidimensional Space Bandwidth Bearer GPRS EDGE UMTS HSPA Service Bearer SMS, SMS/MMSMMS IVR, IVR Wap UICC STK XHTML Flash Java Native AEE Handset Capabilities Processor Memory Camera Display Connectivity Other enablers Integration and Embedded Libraries Embedded Client Players Multimedia SIP Stack Vertical Client Presentation Menu Integration UICC Menu Dedicated keys Soft key Prompting Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 30

31 Services Development: Multidimensional Space Standards and Interfaces 3GPP ETSI Prestandard OMA Proprietary Installation & Delivery Embedded installation Pre-sale Installation WAP delivery UICC MMC OTA Push delivery Management SMS/MMS Vertical M IVR & M UICC Mng. OMA DM/CP Security Schema Security Schema Signing Schema Certificate distribution Certif. path Liability Service adherence Portfolio coverage User Experience Management Costs Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 31

32 Services Development: Multidimensional Space Platforms S60 WM Android Linux 1 Linux 2 Variants (within same platform) Versions Sub versions Sub Sub Version Handsets (within same platform variant) Handset 1 Handset 2 Handset x # Platforms # Platforms # Development Cost # Validation and Test Cost Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 32

33 Services Development: Profiles Base Advanced Service Advanced User: Features and experience personalized on the base of the user profile Context: depending on the context Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 33

34 Application Example I want to develop a Click To Dial application! Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 34

35 Functional Interfaces: enabled click to dial + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice call Follow-up one button pushed > start application App & Call Center gets caller location App starts (Locationdependent) voice call to (regional) call center sales rep. appointment pushed in my calendar with store address, directions info, ecc. + push of item picture in gallery Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 35

36 Which is the right system to deploy a service? GSM Tech. Calls SMS STK I want to develop a Click To Dial application! Market Penetration Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA Java Cross Tech. Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness Symbian Microsoft Android Vertical Tech. consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 36

37 Applicazioni per Cellulari Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

38 Mobile Platforms Mobile Handsets: Eight Centers of Gravity Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 38

39 Mobile Platforms Application Store: Silos Technology on Centers of Gravity Different Technologies Different Programming Languages Different Security Models and Signing Schema Different Distribution and Revenue Models Fragmentation Operators Application Stores Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 39

40 Fragmentation Applications App Store 1 App Store 2 App Store 3 App. Fram. App. Fram. App. Fram. O/S 1 O/S 2 O/S 3 O/S 4 O/S 5 Terminal 1 Terminal 2 Terminal 3 Terminal 4 Complete User base Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 40

41 Functional Interfaces: enabled click to dial + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice I have to develop call too many applications!!! Follow-up one button pushed > start application App & Call Center gets caller location App starts (Locationdependent) voice call to (regional) call center sales rep. appointment pushed in my calendar with store address, directions info, ecc. + push of item picture in gallery Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 41

42 Web 2.0 in Mobile Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

43 Address Fragmentation: Enrich the Browser to fit mobility! GSM Tech. Market Penetration Call SMS STK Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA Java Cross Tech. Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness I want to develop a Click To Dial application! - Possibly without developing one application per platform Symbian Microsoft Android Vertical Tech. consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 43

44 Mobile Phone: digital finger in Web 2.0 Finger in Web 2.0 Mobile Broadband Full Browser Experience Personal Data Experience, Identity Mobility, Context, Localization Multiple Devices: Mobile Phones, Netbook, Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 44

45 Browser Structure Web Applications Small Screen Reduced Std. Support Reduced Input/Output Reduced Bandwidth Per byte tariffs Power Consumption Reduced Plugin Avalability Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 45

46 Web Pages Download Latency Ajax Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 46

47 Technologies Gravity Browser Technologies on Mobile Phone Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 47

48 Widgets Widget is a standalone Web application Typically front-end a Web 2.0 service or other Internet content Local on the handset & distributed like any other application Widget at its core is a Web page designed for a specific purpose Widgets use same technologies, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, AJAX, as Web pages redered through a browser windows Types of Widget Mobile Widgets Accessory widgets (clock, calendar ) Application widgets (games, address book ) Information widgets (weather, stocks, rss, ) Make web pages Zip it up Desktop Widgets Web Widgets ( out Publish it online (or send it

49 Web Pages and Widgets Download Latency Ajax Install once.wgt Ajax Offline Application Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 49

50 Functional Interfaces: enabled click to dial + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice call Follow-up one button pushed > start web abb No Access to Location App & Call Center from gets caller location browser/wi dget engine web app/widget No Access to phone App starts (Locationdependent) voice call to (regional) call call and center PIM from browser/wi dget engine I cannot do a lot sales rep. appointment pushed with in nowadays my calendar with store address, directions info, browsers ecc. + push and of item picture in gallery widgets! Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 50

51 Address Fragmentation: Enrich the Browser to fit mobility! GSM Tech. Market Penetration Call SMS STK Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA I want to develop a Click To Dial application! -Possibly without developing one application per platform - Browser and Widgets sound good... But I need more functionalities! Java Cross Tech. Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness Symbian Microsoft Android Vertical Tech. consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 51

52 Address Fragmentation: Enrich the Browser to fit mobility! GSM Tech. Market Penetration Call SMS STK Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA Too poor experience!!! Java Cross Tech. Lack of Functionalities!!! Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness Too Fragmented!!! Symbian Microsoft Android Vertical Tech. consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 52

53 GSM Tech. Market Penetration Address Fragmentation: Enrich the Browser to fit mobility! Call SMS STK Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA Java Cross Tech. Device API Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness Rich Web Based Applications Symbian Microsoft Android How to get here? Vertical Tech. Success is here!! consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 53

54 New Approach: Enrich Browser and Widget Engine Applications Ecma Script Extention Security Device Capabilities: Addressbook, SMS, Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 54

55 Standardize new APIs: BONDI in a Nutshell Web Package Browser Widget Engine Widget Package Policies JavaScript Extension Policy Enforcement Application settings Gallery User interaction Location Phone status interfaces Telephony Persistence Messaging PIM Communications History Camera Application invoke Operating Systems Proprietary OS Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 55

56 From Native Client to Rich Web clients Native Clients Browser + Plugins Standardization Effort Portable Web Applications Write one fit one Write one app and multiple Plugin BONDI and W3C Write one Fit all Silos App Stores Different UE Client Cross platform App Stores Same UE Browser and WRT Cross platform App Stores Same UE Browser and WRT Cross Platform Application Store Plug ins Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 56

57 Common Applications BONDI on Centers of Gravity Web Pages Widgets Specific Applications Vertical Clients Vertical Clients Plug in Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 57

58 Security: Bondi enabled click to dial YES!!! Now I m ok!!! + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice call Follow-up one button pushed > start app App & Call Center gets caller location web app/widget App starts (Locationdependent) voice call to (regional) call center sales rep. appointment pushed in my calendar with store address, directions info, ecc. + push of item picture in gallery Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 58

59 Handset Security Application Run Time Level Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

60 Security: Bondi enabled click to dial NOOOOOO!!! Security and privacy! + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice call Follow-up Hidden Embedded Javascripts one button pushed > start web abb Stolen Location Information App & Call Center gets caller location web app/widget Regional App starts (Locationdependent) voice call to (regional) Redirection call center To payment number sales rep. appointment pushed User in Unwanted my calendar with storepayment address, directions info, ecc. + push of item picturegosh in gallery This is a dialer! Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 60

61 Security: Bondi enabled click to dial + + Voice Call Click on Is this web Ad banner application allowed to get location? Is the user aware of it? one button pushed > start app ( +Location info) Is this web application allowed to do a phone call? Is the user aware of it? Does the App & Call Operator allow Center gets this call at no caller location extra charge? web app/widget start voice call Is this web application allowed to use my PIM? Is the user aware of it? App Does starts the (Locationdependent) Enterprise voice allow call to (regional) this insertion call? center Follow-up sales rep. appointment pushed in my calendar with store address, directions info, ecc. + push of item picture in gallery Policies Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 61

62 Openess needs Security Architecture Web Package Widget Package Browser Web runtime Web engine Events JavaScript Extension Jscript Errors Secure Access Policy Application Settings User Interaction Location PIM Phone Status Persistence Gallery Messaging Application Invoke Comms History Camera Dynamic API New API Operating Systems Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 62

63 GSM Tech. Market Penetration Address Fragmentation: Enrich the Browser to fit mobility! Call SMS STK Web Tech. Browser Widgets LinuxA Java Cross Tech. Device API Flash Brew Apple LinuxB Richness Rich Web Based Applications Symbian Microsoft Android How to get here? Vertical Tech. Success is here!! consistent fragmented Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 63

64 Bondi enabled click to dial + + Voice Call Click on Ad banner ( +Location info) start voice call Follow-up Browser Web runtime Web engine Events JavaScript Extension Jscript Errors Secure Access Policy Application Settings User Interaction Location PIM Phone Status Persistence Gallery Messaging Application Invoke Comms History Camera Dynamic API New API Operating Systems Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 64

65 Cellulari per macchine Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

66 Mobile M2M: Connect the machines Adding a GSM/GPRS module to Machines M2M Platform Machines Web Based Management Vending Machine Mng.

67 Mobile M2M: Typical M2M Modules Some Key Features Small size Multi-band handle voice and fax calls GPS Broad operating temperature range and harsh environment Technology GSM: for sending info over SMS or CSD GPRS/EDGE: for continuous real time information ( monitoring, HSxPA: for higher bandwidth (e.g. camera Some also include: Embedded TCP/IP stack Embedded controller for hosting applications Additional PINs for I/O s src: M2M Connectivity Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

68 Mobile M2M: Development environment AT commands Cellular M2M modules and modems are just another type of modem Use standard AT commands Manufacturers have created unique sub-sets of vendor specific commands to access various functions Developers run their applications in almost all popular programming languages including.net Windows CE Linux ANSI C Python Java Manufacturers have developed software coding tools to simplify application development for devices with on-board embedded memory Examples include M2mpower, MUSE, EasyPython src: M2M Connectivity Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

69 Conclusioni Fabio Ricciato Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET

70 Conclusioni - Analisi della Struttura di un cellulare: - Networked Embedded System - SoC per terminali mobili - Analisi degli ambienti di sviluppo per terminali mobili - Client nativi - Browser based - BONDI - M2M Mobile Terminals - Fabio Ricciato, Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET 70

71 GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA Seminario Telecom Italia Università di Catania Seminario Telecom Italia Terminali Mobili, Sistemi Operativi, Sviluppo Applicazioni Telecom Italia/TILAB Research and Trends ET Fabio Ricciato