WIRELESS POSITIONING CDMA Technologies and the Global Positioning Systems

Transcript

1 WIRELESS POSITIONING CDMA Technologies and the Global Positioning Systems Marco Luise University of Pisa, Italy Dipartimento Ingegneria dell Informazione Lessons 1-2

2 Friday 14 April 1865

3 End of September 1895

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5 22 November 1963

6 Anywhere, Anytime

7 Are TLC in a crisis?

8 Il mercato italiano dell ICT ( ) Valori in Milioni di Euro e in % % % % % % % Fonte: AITech - Assinform / NetConsulting IT TLC Giancarlo Capitani, NetConsulting Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 8

9 Il mercato delle TLC in Italia nel 2006 Valori in Milioni di e Variazioni % +2.1% Valori in Miliardi di e TCMA % % % ,0 17,2 18,0 15,5 16,5 16,3-0.4% ,6 4,7 5,1 5,9 4,8 4, TLC fisse TLC Mobili Infrastrutture Sistemi e Terminali Servizi fissi Servizi mobili Fonte: AITech - Assinform / NetConsulting Giancarlo Capitani, NetConsulting Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 9

10 Il mercato italiano dei servizi mobili e di rete fissa ( ) Servizi Mobili +5.1% Valori in Milioni di e Variazioni % Servizi di Rete Fissa -0.9% % % % % % % Fonia Mobile VAS Mobili VAS Internet Trasmissione Dati Fonia rete fissa Fonte: AITech - Assinform / NetConsulting Giancarlo Capitani, NetConsulting Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 10

11 Spesa per R&S e spesa per IT, in percentuale del PIL (2005) Valori % sul PIL 5 UK SE Spesa in IT Fonte: Eurostat RO SK LU BG PL EE PT GR LT UH Italia ES CZ NL SI UE Spesa in R&S FR Giancarlo Capitani, NetConsulting Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 11 AT DK DE FI

12 Indicatori sulla diffusione dell ICT in Italia e in Europa 51% Imprese 53% Famiglie e Individui 59% 38% 36% Europa Italia 39% 37% 19% 25% 11% 14% 3% Dipendenti che utilizzano PC nella loro attività Fonte: Eurostat (2006) Imprese che acquistano attraverso Internet Imprese che vendono attraverso Internet Abitazioni con accesso a Internet Giancarlo Capitani, NetConsulting Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 12 Abitazioni con accesso a Banda Larga Individui con nessuna competenza informatica di base

13 Productivity growth and acceleration by sector Productivity growth (95-05) Productivity growth acceleration (95-05) over (89-95) Total economy Manufacturing Market services Total economy Manufacturing Market services Italy Euro area United States Italy United States Fonte: OCSE Convegno Rapporto 2007 Milano, 7 giugno Slide 13

14 TLC Growth Factors TECHNOLOGY: HW (electronics, photonics), SW (signal processing) GOING WIRELESS: Cellular, Wireless LANs INTERNET: Applications, Transport Network, Access Network DEREGULATION: New operators, Lower costs Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

15 Technology: : Moore s Law Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

16 Moore s Law at Work 1/2 Itanium 3 Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

17 Moore s Law at Work 2/2 Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

18 Transport and Access Networks x 2 Video signal x n User Terminal MPEG Encoder User Terminal (Fiber-Based) Broadband Digital Network Wired/Wireless Access Links User Terminal User Terminal Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

19 Wireless Technologies for the Access Network Broadcasting Satellite (DVB-S) Terrestrial Radio Network (DVB-T, DAB) DVB-H H / Cellular (towards 4G) Interactive Cellular (GSM, UMTS, 4G) WLAN (WiFi( IEEE x) BWA (WiMax( x) Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

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21 The booming of location-based services Need Quality of Service E-commerce Applications Shopping services People tracking Emergency Applications E-112 LBS advertising Location Based billing Buddy finder Way-point messages Need Indoor positioning Tour/city guide LBS gaming Traffic info Entertainment Applications Dating service Parking location Weather info Travel info Mobile Yellow pages Mobility Applications Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

22 Current Satellite Navigation Market Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

23 Forecast of Revenues Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

24 Trivia about satellite positioning 1/2 4 uknowns (x,y,z,time) 4 observations needed! USER S RECEIVER (at least) ) 4 signals from 4 satellites to be received Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

25 Distilling the Main Issue Received signal Delay Estimation N 1 () = 2 ( τ ) + ( ) rt C cg t kt w t k= 0 k ˆτ c AWGN N 0 Range Estimate (Pseudo-range) Rˆ = cτˆ c is the speed of ligth Positioning Equations (p k k-th satellite position, δ c RX clock bias) 2 (, ) (, ) (, ) 2 2 x p + y p + z p = Rˆ cδ, k= 1,2,3,4 xk yk zk k c Receiver Coordinates and Time Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

26 But surpassing all stupendous inventions, what sublimity of of mind was his who dreamed of of finding means to tocommunicate his deepest thoughts to toany other person, though distant by mighty intervals of of place and time? Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

27 TOC of the Course Does NOT Include: Network Architectures and Protocols Digital Radio Broadcasting 3G Cellular (UMTS) Wireless LAN But DOES Include: Spread-Spectrum Spectrum and CDMA Satellite Localization and Positioning Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE

28 Outline Signals and spectra in wireless communications Narrowband and Spread-spectrum signaling Introduction to satellite positioning The GPS system and its accuracy Architecture of a GPS receiver GPS-based applications Wireless Positioning Systems M. LUISE