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7 RACCOLTA DIFFERENZIATA: DEFINIZIONI E CRITERI DI VALUTAZIONE Ai fini delle attività di monitoraggio periodico sullo stato dell arte delle Raccolte Differenziate attuate dai Comuni toscani e con lo scopo di dimensionare gli aspetti quali-quantitativi dei servizi inerenti, l Agenzia Regione Recupero Risorse, in conformità con le leggi nazionali e regionali ed in accordo con l Assessorato all Ambiente della Regione Toscana, ha adottato i seguenti criteri di definizione e valutazione delle Raccolte Differenziate: Rifiuti Urbani: da D.Lgs. 22/97, art.7 punto 2 : Sono rifiuti urbani: a) i rifiuti domestici, anche ingombranti, provenienti da locali e luoghi adibiti a uso di civile abitazione; b) i rifiuti non pericolosi provenienti da locali e luoghi adibiti a usi diversi da quelli di cui alla lettera a), assimilati ai rifiuti urbani per qualità e quantità, ai sensi dell'articolo 21, comma 2, lettera g); c) i rifiuti provenienti dallo spazzamento delle strade; d) i rifiuti di qualunque natura o provenienza, giacenti sulle strade e aree pubbliche o sulle strade e aree private comunque soggette a uso pubblico o sulle spiagge marittime e lacuali e sulle rive dei corsi d'acqua; e) i rifiuti vegetali provenienti da aree verdi, quali giardini, parchi e aree cimiteriali; f) i rifiuti provenienti da esumazioni ed estumulazioni, nonché gli altri rifiuti provenienti da attività cimiteriale diversi da quelli di cui alle lettere b), c) ed e). Raccolta Differenziata (RD): da D.Lgs. 22/97, art.6, lettera f): la raccolta idonea a raggruppare i rifiuti urbani in frazioni merceologiche omogenee, compresa la frazione organica umida, destinate al riutilizzo, al riciclaggio e al recupero di materia prima. La RD ed i relativi obbiettivi minimi di riciclaggio non possono che intendersi riferiti esclusivamente ai soli sistemi di raccolta selettiva alla fonte di frazioni (o flussi) merceologici di RSU che per definizione giuridica e per loro intrinseca natura, possono essere finalizzati al riutilizzo e al riciclaggio quali materie prime, necessitando solo ed eventualmente di operazioni di trattamento semplificato o di manipolazioni tali da ottenere partite più omogenee o da conferire loro un valore aggiunto apprezzabile sul mercato delle materie prime riutilizzabili. 7

8 Frazione Merceologica Omogenea: Le componenti dei rifiuti urbani ed assimilati conferiti e raccolti separatamente, destinate, previa eventuale cernita, al riutilizzo, al riciclaggio e al recupero di materia prima. Efficienza della Raccolta Differenziata: Rapporto tra la somma dei pesi delle frazioni merceologiche raccolte in maniera differenziata e destinate al recupero e la quantità dei rifiuti complessivamente prodotti definita dalla somma dei pesi delle predette frazioni e di quelle raccolte in modo indifferenziato: Efficienza RD (%) = 6 RD / ( 6 RD + RSU indiff. ) x 100 ESCLUSIONI Non si configurano come RD: la frazione percentuale di rifiuti ingombranti e/o beni durevoli che non viene effettivamente avviata al recupero e/o riutilizzo; la frazione organica intercettata attraverso composter, che viene configurata dalla Proposta di Piano Regionale di Gestione dei Rifiuti, come fonte di riduzione a monte dei RSU; altre eventuali modalità di raccolta di frazioni destinate alla combustione o altre forme di recupero di frazioni merceologiche effettuate a valle previo riprocessamento dei rifiuti residui (selezione e trattamento per la produzione di RDF, selezione e trattamento per la produzione di compost non a norma) non possono tecnicamente essere configurate come RD. Ai fini della valutazione della Efficienza della Raccolta Differenziata sono da computarsi solo le frazioni merceologiche omogenee la cui raccolta viene effettuata direttamente dal gestore dei servizi di RSU e RD (Comune, Azienda Speciale, Consortile, S.p.a., ecc.) o da ditta convenzionata con il gestore stesso. 8

9 Nel caso in cui il servizio sia gestito da ditta convenzionata, sono condizioni necessarie ai fini della validazione della raccolta: - Presenza di convenzione siglata in cui si specifica che il servizio viene effettuato per conto del gestore; - Documentazione contabile dalla quale risultino i quantitativi effettivamente raccolti e la provenienza; - Le frazioni raccolte devono derivare da superfici soggette a tassa per lo smaltimento dei rifiuti; Sono esclusi i flussi di raccolta di raccolta derivanti da servizi effettuati per utenze specifiche con corrispettivo di tariffazione. 9

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