UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA OSPEDALE REGIONALE DI TREVISO U.L.S.S. 9 SERVIZIO IMMUNOTRASFUSIONALE BANCA DEL SANGUE CORDONALE DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE FARMACEUTICHE SCUOLA DI DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIOLOGIA E MEDICINA DELLA RIGENERAZIONE INDIRIZZO INGEGNERIA DEI TESSUTI E DEI TRAPIANTI CICLO XXIII TITOLO DELLA TESI TARGETING DELLE VIE METABOLICHE DELL EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR (EGF), ADRENOMEDULLINA (ADM) ED ENDOTELINA-1 (ET-1) NELLE LINEE STABILIZZATE DI LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE ACUTA (LMA) Direttore della scuola: Prof. Pier Paolo Parnigotto Coordinatore: Prof.ssa Maria Teresa Conconi Supervisore: Dott. Sergio De Angeli Dottoranda: Alessandra Marcuzzo DATA CONSEGNA TESI 31 Gennaio 2011
II
III
IV
! "!!# # $$$ $$ $! V
$ $ $ $!!% &$!!% ' ' $ ' ' $ '!' % ' '! ' & ' $ & ' $ '!' % & ' $! $$$!!! ' $"! $ $ ' $ "! VI
!$ $$$!! # #!! $$ $$$!!( ' ' $ '!' % $$ $ $$$ $ ' $ ' ' '! & ' ' $ '!' % $$ $ VII
$$$ $ ' $ ' ' $!!' $$$ $! $$ $! $"! VIII
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
5.01.0 200)29591,#.+42199590/=1,5>02161(1,1**51 + 5(0*5,:621=560#65(0*5,5621=560 <<5750/=165451.*21(0/*+ 45602(1,2+3*8 17*+2#<1**+2065720.75*1045602(571 45602(1,2+3*8 17*+20704*+2#2070**+2060,<1**+2065 720.75*1045602(57+ /6+*0,5/1 ++61/62)-6(5/5.*21*5+/,5?0 :2+.5/?5/1.0 5>2+>,1.*572+3*8 17*+2 21/),+7:*0+,+/:*5(),1*5/- 17*+2#<1**+20.*5(+,1*+20 60,,07+,+/50-21/),+75*5780 21/),+7:*0172+481-0+,+/:*5(),1*5/- 17*+2#<1**+20.*5(+,1*+2060,,07+,+/50-21/),+75*57+(172+<1-5780 + 21<*'02.).+.*5.01.0#(1,1**5160,*21451/*+7+/*2+,+.45*0 &,,&-) 21<*'02.).0)?0(510<<07*#0<<0**+60,*21451/*+7+/*2+,1,0)70(51 +$ 5-8+.0:*121>5/0#75*121>5/1161,*06+.5 + )(1/0)?+7:*0/*5-0/ + 5-82+,5<021*590+*0/*51,+,+/: +2(5/-/5*#)/5*; <+2(1/*07+,+/51161,*+4+*0/=51,042+,5<021*59+ + 0(1*+4+50*57*0(0,,#70,,),1.*1(5/1,00(+4+50*571 0)?0(57*0(0,,#70,,),1.*1(5/1,0,0)70(571 +/- 02(),*)20#7+,*)211,)/-+*02(5/0 +/- 02(),*)20/5*51*5/-0,,#70,,),15/5=51/*0,07+,*)20 1,)/-+*02(5/0 @*0/6 )").!$ )(02+650,,),0*+*1,5 +/+>0.0651>0*57 +/(1,,0,,)/-1/702#71275/+(14+,(+/120/+/1 4577+,070,,),0 02548021,!,++6#.1/-)04025<0257+ 02548021,!,++6*0(0,,#70,,),1.*1(5/1,00(1*+4+50*571 60,.1/-)04025<0257+ *0(0,, 17*+2#7?5*,5-1/6 09020+(>5/06(()/+60<5750/7:#5(()/+60<5750/=1.090217+(>5/1*1 α 21/.<+2(5/-2+3*8 17*+2α,<1**+2065720.75*1 *21.<+2(1/*0α '1.7),120,,680.5+/+,07+,0 '02:1*0/*5-0/ X
60,,1,0)70(51 (50,+560 17)*1 AB /+/ 81.)>5*+.5-/5<571*595 (5-,5+21(0/*5 /+/+.*1/*0,1.0(420 45C 177)21*1 60.725=5+/0 605 (0771/5.(5 41*+-0/0*575 780.+**0/6+/+,1*21.<+2(1=5+/0/0+4,1.*571 60,,1 70,,),1.*1(5/1,0 0(1*+4+50*571, >,+77+(1*)21*59+ D 7121**025.*571 65.*5/*591 65*)**0,0,0)70(50 17)*00902+.5(5,(0/*0,1420.0/=165)/1E)+*1(5/+25*12516570,,),01<0/+*54+45C 5((1*)2+D20.4+/.1>5,065780(5+20.5.*0/=10 142+.40**591654+*02)*5,5==120.*21*0-50<12(17+,+-57809+,*01.)4021205,>,+77+ 65<<020/=51*59+# 5/7+21--51*1 61,.)770..+ +**0/)*+ /0,,1,0)70(51 17)*1 42+(50,+75*571 7+/,F5/*2+6)=5+/0 /05 42+*+7+,,5 65 *021451 60,,F1756+ 1,,*21/. 20*5/+57+#6590/*11,E)1/*+1**210/*0 +/ E)0.*+ +>50**59+ D.*1*+ 42+4+.*+)/(+60,,+.4025(0/*1,0 780 9060,)*5,5==+ 65,5/00 70,,),125.*1>5,5==1*0 65 # 5/ 412*57+,120 42+90/50/*5 61,,1>1/71*060.71$#*2070445&A& '61,,)/5902.5*;6516+91# & 61,,+.4061,0 65 951/+ 0 &! 61,,1 >1/71*060.71 $B# 605404*565620/+(06),,5/1AB#/6+*0,5/1A B0605,+2+25.40**5955/5>5*+25 A<21-(0/* 5/85>5*+2#!% 0!%B# 60, <1**+20 65 720.75*1 60,,045602(560 A B 0 60,.)+ 5/5>5*+20 5/6520**+ A0<5*5/5>B 1 65902.0 7+/70/*21=5+/5 )**5 5 70445 & 0,1,5/01.+/+.*1*5 7121**025==1*5 61 )/ 4)/*+ 65 95.*1 5(()75*+785(57+ 0 5(()/+<0/+*5457+ %)0.*01/1,5.581//+09560/=51*+)/165902.5*;*21570445.+**+*)**5542+<5,5#1/780 /0,*0(4+656)4,571=5+/06)21/*0,1720.75*1 %)0.*+.450-8020>>0 5, <1**+ 780 25.),*1*5 65.7+261/*5 5/,0**021*)21 4+*20>>02+ 0..020 +25-5/1*5 61 70445 70,,),125 )*5,5==1*5 /05 65902.5,1>+21*+25 780 4+..+/+ 65<<02520 1/780 5/ (1/5021.5-/5<571*591 /0,,0,+2+ 7121**025.*5780 >5+,+-5780# 7+/ 090/*)1,5(0771/5.(565.0,0=5+/07,+/1,004+..5>5,5254027)..5+/5.),,125.4+.*11,,+.*5(+,+<12(17+,+-57+,5 0.4025(0/*5.+/+.*1*5 7+/6+**5 5/ 4121,,0,+.) *)**0,0,5/00 0.4+/0/6+,0 1 7+/70/*21=5+/560720.70/*565A@& #@& #@& 0&@& G A@& #@& #@& 0&@& B06 A&(-"µ,#(-"µ,# µ-"(, 0 µ-"(,b, 42+70..+ D.*1*+ 91,)*1*+ 1/780 5/ 20,1=5+/0 1,*0(4+H 8#808650.4+.5=5+/0 25.),*1*5(+.*21/+)/4+*020.*5(+,1/*065*)**50*205404*5655/20,1=5+/01,,16+.0 01,*0(4+65.+((5/5.*21=5+/0#7+/(5/5(065<<020/=0*21570445)*5,5==1*5 1
,5 0<<0**5 605 404*565.+/+.*1*5 7+/<02(1*5 615 25.),*1*5 +**0/)*5)*5,5==1/6+ 5,+2+ 25.40**5955/5>5*+25 <21-(0/* /85>5*+2/+/0.0275*11,7)/0<<0**+.)570445&0.),,1,5/01.5/-+,12(0/*0(1177+4451*+16/0>,+771,1714175*;42+,5<021*591H -,5 0<<0**5 5/6)70/*5 65.+/+ 1//),,1*5 61,,1--5)/*1 15*0220/5 65 7+,*)21 60, 7+225.40**59+5/5>5*+20,,+.*0..+(+6+-,55/5>5*+25!%0!%60,,/6+*0,5/161.+,5/+/0.0275*1/+ 1,7)/0<<0**+.),,070,,),0(0/*201//),,1/+5,4+*0205/6)70/*065 5/*)**0,0,5/00.*1>5,5==1*065 0<5*5/5>0.4,5711**595*;1/*542+,5<021*5917+/0<<0**+75*+..57+075*+.*1*57+1 7+/70/*21=5+/5*02140)*571(0/*0 21--5)/*0/0,,F1**)1,05(450-+7,5/57+60,<12(17+# 5/412*57+,120/0,*21**1(0/*+60,,0/0+4,1.5065+25-5/0045*0,51,0 %)0.*1 5/61-5/0 D.*1*1 0<<0**)1*1 (0651/*0 )/1.4025(0/*1=5+/0 420,5(5/120 12*57+,1*1.)*0.*75*+*+..5751>2090*02(5/01..+751*51*0.*65207)402+5/*0220/+.0(5.+,56+ 0.) 5/61-5/5 (+2<+,+-5780 06 5(()/+<0/+*545780 0 +..0291=5+/0 (572+.7+45780 7+/<02(1/+ *1,5 25.),*1*5# (1 09560/=51/+ 780,1**595*; 1/*542+,5<021*591 65 0<5*5/5> D 6+.0 6540/60/*0 0.5 201,5==1 7+/(+61,5*; 65<<020/*5 /05 65902.5 70445 05.1--5 7+,*)21,5 1 >2090*02(5/0#,1/1,5.5.*1*5.*571 81 2590,1*+ 780 1/780 5, )*5,5==1*+ 7+(0.+,90/*0 60, <12(17+ 0.0275*1 )/1 1=5+/0 1/*542+,5<021*591,50<<0**51,)/-+*02(5/060,0<5*5/5>.+/+.*1*5*0.*1*57+(0/)(02+(065+65.95,)441*0.54+.*0.4+.5=5+/01,<12(17+5/)/*0220/+.0(5.+,56+)-)1,0402*)**55 6+.1--5 0 +..0291=5+/5(+2<+,+-5780 7+/6+**0.) 4204121*5 1,,0.*5*5 1,*02(5/0 605.1--5 7+,*)21,5 1 >2090 *02(5/0 /+/ 09560/=51/+# 15 6+.1--5 45C >1..5# 1,7)/ <0/+(0/+ 65.0-(0/*1=5+/0 0"+ >1/606 1 71257+ 605 /)7,05# *5457+ 60,,1 65<<020/=51=5+/0 60, 42+(50,+75*1 5/(50,+75*1#(0*1(50,+75*1 0-21/),+75*1(1*)2+ 7807121**025==15,42+70..+65(1*)21=5+/065E)0.*1<5,50210(1*+4+50*571/780,0 5/61-5/575*+<,)+25(0*25780/+/(+.*21/+91251=5+/5E)1,5*1*59060,<0/+*54+65*)**55 70445#4+.*0.4+.5=5+/01,<12(17+..0/=51,04025,0,+.95,)44+0(+4+50*57+5/.0/.+-21/),+75*125+D5, 2)+,+ 0.0275*1*+ 61 "!α, 42+*05/1 14412*0/0/*0 1,,1 <1(5-,51 605 <1**+25 65 *21.725=5+/0 >=54 A>1.57,0)75/0 =54402 42+*05/B# 5/-216+ 65 <+2(120 +(+65(025 + 0*02+65(0257+/1,*2042+*05/0"!01**591207+.I,1*21.725=5+/065-0/5 A 20704*+2B 1 425/7541,0 <)/=5+/0 65 E)0.*1 42+*05/1.0(>21 0..020 E)0,,1 65 >5,1/75120,1 42+,5<021=5+/0 0,1 65<<020/=51=5+/0 70,,),120 20-+,1/6+ 5, 60,4++,.*1(5/1,00(1*+4+50*57+ 78512+780.0"!α214420.0/*1)/7+()/060/+(5/1*+205/41=50/*51<<0**561 2
,0)70(51 17)*1 (50,+560 A7+/ +.0/=1 1,*021=5+/5 72+(+.+(5780 1..+751*0B#.*21*0-50 *02140)*5780 6520**0 1,,1 7+220=5+/0 65 E)0.*+ 4+..+/+ 214420.0/*120)/1 21=5+/1,0 42+.40**591*02140)*571 02 E)0.*+(+*59+.+/+.*1*5 5/5=51*5 60-,5.*)65.), 7044+ & ' 7+/(0*+6571.),,0 70,,),0 5/ 7+/65=5+/5 >1.1,5# 6+4+ 5/7)>1=5+/0 1 >2090 *02(5/0 7+/ 0<5*5/5> 1,,1 7+/70/*21=5+/0 65 µ A,1 45C 1,*1 5/-216+ 65 6120 0<<0**+ 75*+.*1*57+#(1/+/ 75*+*+..575*;B 0 /05 7+/*2+,,5 5/7)>1*5 7+/ 0 5/ 7+,*)21 65 (1/*0/5(0/*+ +/.0/.)1,(0/*0 1,,0 +..0291=5+/5 (+2<+,+-5780 06 5(()/+<0/+*545780# 0<5*5/5> /+/5/6)7020-+,1=5+/065"!α 02*1/*+# E)0.*5 61*5#.0 7+/.56021*5/0,,+2+ 7+(4,0..+#.)--025.7+/+ 780 06 7+/*25>)5.7+/+ 1,,1 42+,5<021=5+/0 60,,0 70,,),0 65 # 1=5+/0 <+2*0(0/*0 256+**1 615 25.40**595 5/5>5*+25# (0/*20 0.0275*1 (5/5(5 0<<0**5 5/6)**595.),,0 70,,),0,,1,)7065*1,57+/.56021=5+/5D4+..5>5,025*0/02078006.51/+6)0 /)+9042+(0**0/*5(+,07+,020-+,1*+25060542+70..50(1*+4+50*575. +/ 0)70(51 50,+560 7)*1# 620/+(06),,5/1# /6+*0,5/1# <21-(0/* /85>5*+2#!%/85>5*+2#!%/85>5*+2#45602(1,2+3*8 17*+2# 0<5*5/5> 3
)*7+(0 1(+/- 7)*0 :0,+56 0)?10(51 AB 41*50/*. 656 /+* )/602-+ 1.5-/5<571/* 5(42+90(0/* 60.45*0 *80 (+20 1/6 (+20 7120<), +9029503 +< *80 41*8+-0/0*57 (0781/5.(. *8+.0 120 5/9+,906 5/ /0+4,1.*57 *21/.<+2(1*5+/ +< 810(1*+4+50*57.*0( 70,, 0,,(1*)21*5+/ 1220.* 5.*80 65.*5/-)5.85/- <01*)20 +< 0178 17)*0,0)?10(51 1/6 42+>1>,:*80 420.0/70 +< 1 902:,+3 21*0 +< 5((1*)20 70,,.5.20.4+/.5>,0<+2780(+20.5.*1/701/620,14.0 02.407*590 *+ )*5,5=0 4812(17+,+-571, 1442+1780. *+ +9027+(0 70,, (1*)21*5+/ 1220.* 5. 21*802 1**217*590 1/6 5* 5. 0/7+)21-06 >:*80.)770.. +>*15/06 5/ 7)*0 2+(:0,+7:*57 0)?10(51 35*8*80 5/*2+6)7*5+/ +< 1,,*21/.20*5/+57 1756 5/(06571, *251,. +/702/5/-*85. 15(# 1/ 0@4025(0/*1,(+60, 31. 42+4+.06 *)*5,5=0..*1>5,5=06 70,,,5/0.# 0.40751,,: # <2+( 02(1/ 70,, >1/? $ 1/6*8200 & 70,,,5/0. A& ' <2+( /5902.5*: +< 16+91# & <2+(*80 /.*5*)*0 +< 951/+*1,: 1/6 &! <2+( $ 02(1/ >1/?B# 404*560. 1/6 1/6*8052+3/5/85>5*+2.A<21-(0/* #!%1/6!%B1/6 45602(1, 2+3*8 17*+2 1/6 5*. 5/65207* 5/85>5*+2 A0<5*5/5>B 1* 65<<020/* 7+/70/*21*5+/. 0,,,5/0. 3020 5(()/+480/+*:457 1/6 5(()/+7:*+780(5.*2: 781217*025=06 80.0 1/1,:.5..)--0.*06 65<<020/70. 1(+/- 70,,,5/0. )/602 1,, 4+5/*.+<9503090/5/6)4,571*5+/*5(06)25/--2+3*870,, 85. 7+),6 0@4,15/*81* 7+/*21.*5/- 20.),*.:+) 71/ <5/6 5/ 5*021*)20 7+),6 125.0 <2+( 70,,,5/0.)*5,5=06 5/ 65<<020/*,1>+21*+250. 80.0 70,,,5/0. 7+),6.5-/5<571/*,: 65<<02 5/ *8052 >5+,+-571, 781217*025.*57. 420.0/*5/- 4+..5>,0 7,+/1,.0,07*5+/ (0781/5.(. *81* 7+),6 8190 4+..5>,0 0<<07*. +/ 4812(17+,+-571,.*5(),). 20.4+/.0. @4025(0/*. 3020 7122506 +)* 5/ 4121,,0, +/ 1,, 70,,,5/0. 0@4+.5/- *80( *+ 607201.5/-6+.0.+<# A@& #@& #@& #&@& B 1/6 A&(-"µ,# (-"µ,# (-"µ,# (-"µ,b 80*5(0 +< 0@4+.)20 A8# 8#8B31.1,.+7+/.560206 0.),*..8+31.*5(),1*5/-4+302+<1,,404*560.35*820-126.*+6+.0.1/6*5(0+< 0@4+.)205/5(1,65<<020/70.3020+>.029061(+/-65<<020/*70,,,5/0. 80 0<<07*. 0@02*06 >:*80.0 404*560. 3020 7+/<52(06 35*8*80 20.),*. +>*15/06 )*5,5=5/-*8052+3/5/85>5*+2.<21-(0/* 6+0./+*0@02*1/:0<<07*+/70,,,5/0.>:5*.0,<#>)*5*>,+7?.+<<42+,5<021*5+/5/6)7*5+/0<<07*.5/1..+751*5+/35*8 *85.404*560 4
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α+/7+((5*(0/*1/665<<020/*51*5+/+<810(1*+4+50*57.*0(70,,. *82+)-8-21/),+7:*070,,.5.0..0/*51,"!α5.142+*05/+<*80>=54A>1.57,0)75/0 =54402 42+*05/B*21/.7254*5+/ <17*+2. <1(5,:#*81* 5. 1>,0*+ <+2( 8+(+65(02. 1/6 80*02+65(02. 35*8 +*802 "! 42+*05/ <1(5,: 1/6*+*21/.17*591*0*12-0*-0/0. A 20704*+2B*21/.7254*5+/ 80(15/ <)/7*5+/ +<*85. 42+*05/ 5.*80 >1,1/70 >0*300/ 70,, 42+,5<021*5+/ 1/6 65<<020/*51*5+/ 7+/*2+,,5/-*80 810(1*+4+50*57.*0( 70,,4++,.0,<20/031, < "!α 5. *80 7+((+/ 60/+(5/1*+2 5/ 41*50/*. 1<<07*06 >: 7)*0 :0,+56 0)?10(51 A35*8 +2 35*8+)* 1..+751*06 782+(+.+(1, 1,*021*5+/.B# *802140)*571,.*21*0-50. 801606 *+ 7+2207* *85. 41*831: 7+),6 >0 902: 5/*020.*5/- 80 "!α -0/0 0@420..5+/ 31. 091,)1*06 >: 01, 5(0 5/ & ' 70,,,5/0 1* *80>1.1,*5(0#1<*02.8+2**02(5/7)>1*5+/*5(035*8 µ 0<5*5/5>A*8085-80.* 62)-6+.0 1>,0*+-590 7:*+.*1*57 >)*/+* 7:*+*+@57 0<<07*B 0,1*590 7+/*2+,.# 70,,,5/05/7)>1*0635*81/635*87),*)20(065)(1,+/0#30201,.+7+/.5602065/ *80.01/1,:.5.5(5,12,:*+(+248+,+-571,1/65(()/+480/+*:4571,,:+>.0291*5+/. 0<5*5/5>6+0./+*5/6)70)420-),1*5+/+<"!α -0/00@420..5+/ 5
80.0 61*1.)--0.**81* 1/6 7+/7)2*+ 70,,,5/0. 42+,5<021*5+/ 85. 0<<07*31.>,+7?06>:20,1*5905/85>5*+2. 6+0./+*0@02*1/:0<<07*+/70,,,5/0. 77+265/-*+*80.0 <5/65/-. 5* 5. 4+..5>,0*+ 7+/.5602 1/6 1.*3+/03 42+(5.5/-20-),1*+2:(+,07),0.5/9+,9065/810(1*+4+50*5741*831:. 0&1 2"3*4/ 7)*0 :0,+56 0)?10(51# 620/+(06),,5/# /6+*80,5/# <21-(0/* /85>5*+2#!%/85>5*+2#!%/85>5*+2#45602(1,2+3*8 17*+2# 0<5*5/5> 6
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
0.5.*0/=160,,070,,),00(1*+4+50*5780714+.*545*5A70,,),0.*1(5/1,50(1*+4+50*5780 +.BD.*1*154+*5==1*1402,1425(19+,*1/0,61 5,,07),,+781.0-)5*+ 605,+2+ 45+/025.*575.*)65.),,1 25-0/021=5+/0 60,.5.*0(1 0(1*+4+50*57+.) (+60,,5()25/5 1,5.*)65 81//+ 6+7)(0/*1*+ 7+(0,0..51/+ 7121**025==1*0 <)/=5+/1,(0/*0 61,,1 714175*; 65 1)*+25//+91(0/*+# 61,,1(),*54+*0/=1 60, 42+425+.40**2+65<<020/=51*59+061,,0,091*+4+*0/=51,042+,5<021*59+ 1.)770..591 5/*2+6)=5+/0 605.1--5 65 720.75*1 60,,0 A+/-*02( ),*)20 /5*51*5/-0,,B#60,,0 1A+>>,0.*+/201 +2(5/-0,,.1..1:B060,,0! A+,+/: +2(5/- /5*!,1.*B# 5/ -216+ 65-0/02120 0,0(0/*5 (+2<+,+-571(0/*0 5/65<<020/=51*5 714175 65 1)*+(1/*0/5(0/*+# 65 <+2(120 7+,+/50.07+/6125006565<<020/=512.5/0,,065902.0<5,5020(1*)21*5900(1*+4+50*5780#81//+ 7+/<02(1*+,0.5.*0/=10,042+4250*;<)/=5+/1,560,,0.A)*802,1/60*1,#G )*802,1/60*1,#&G,+0(178020*1,#B 1 75*+<,)+25(0*251 1 <,)..+ (),*54121(0*2571 0,0 *07/5780 65 5.+,1(0/*+ 5(()/+(1-/0*57+ 605 45C 425(5*595 81//+ 7+/.0/*5*+ 65 7121**025==120 5, <0/+*54+ 60,,0. **)1,(0/*0 5/ 0**021*)21 D 7+()/0(0/*0 1770**1*+ 780,1 (1--5+2412*065*1,570,,),00.425(1/+,1/*5-0/0# 0.5>5.71/+0,091*5,590,,565 #/+/0.425(1/+(12?02.657+((5..5+/1(0/*+A5/ B0.51/+ 8:,+3 # # 08 L" A12,+*0,,1#B,*25(1271*+25.+/+.*1*542+4+.*5402,160<5/5=5+/060,,0.45C425(5*590#E)1,55, A521-,510*1,#B#780214420.0/*1,+(+,+-+)(1/+60,,1-,57+42+*05/1 *21/.(0(>21/142+(5/5/#5,7?5*A!81*51#&&B065,'1.7+,122+3*8 17*+2# 7+/+.75)*+ 1/780 7+(0 # 560/*5<571*+ /0,.)>.0* L & L,+3 A$50-,020*1,#B161**595*;A"(+).004+4),1*5/-0,,B# 0 A@*0/6 B +()/E)0#D.*1*16+7)(0/*1*11/780,0.5.*0/=165 5/ 7+/714175*; 65 4+4+,1(0/*+ 1,)/-+ *02(5/0 A B 5/ @0/+*21451/*5# 714+.*545*5 60,,0 70,,),0 L 5/ A$1/M1/50*1,#B.1--5 65 720.75*1 7,+/+-0/571.95,)441*5 61 75070 0* 1, AB 0 61 ++20 AB5/6571/+,1420.0/=1#5((0651*1(0/*0191,,060,,0.#65.)>.0*70,,),125 16 0,091*+ 4+*0/=51,0 42+,5<021*59+ A B 7+/ 7121**025.*5780 <0/+*545780 0 <)/=5+/1,5 5/*02(0650 *21,1 70,,),1.*1(5/1,0 4,)254+*0/*0 06 5 42+-0/5*+25 0(1*+4+50*575 +(0 5/6571*+ 61,,1 5-)21 #/0,(56+,,+ +..0+,0. 0,0 4+..+/+ -0/02120# 1**21902.+ 5, <0/+(0/+ 60, 7+((5..5+/1(0/*+# 42+-0/5*+25(),*54+*0/*5.5(5,5 15. A7+((+/ (:0,+56 42+-0/5*+2B 0 15. A7+((+/,:(48+56 42+-0/5*+2B6+7)(0/*1*5/0,*+4+ 10
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
$5 / +(412*5(0/*+ 0(1*+4+50*57+H 75*+785/0 780 5/ 7+/65=5+/5 <5.5+,+-5780 5/*0290/-+/+/0,,165<<020/=51=5+/060,,0<5,5020(1*)21*590(50,+5650,5/<+565 + 1/577851 0(1*+4+50*571# 7+/70**+ 5/*2+6+**+ 402,1 425(1 9+,*1 61 +26/0, A+26 0* 1,# B 0.)770..591(0/*0 61 7+<<50,6 AB 4)K 0..020 7+/.56021*1 7+(0)/1.4075<5711201*5..)*1,06+90,070,,),0.*1(5/1,525.506+/+402)/4025+6+ 65*0(4+ 5/60<5/5*+ 0 /0,,1 E)1,0 4+..+/+ 42+,5<02120 402 1)*+(1/*0/02.5 + 402-0/0212070,,),0(1*)20A8,.*05/0*1,#&&BA 5-)21B 14
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
42+ 14+4*+*575 /+,*20# 20-+,1/6+,1 42+,5<021=5+/0 5(4065.70,1.+921442+6)=5+/0 70,,),1207804+*20>>0+25-5/120/0+4,1.50 +/+/+*56)0*54565/577851.*20**1(0/*07+220,1*0*2165,+2+HE)0,,1+.*0+>,1.*571 A0/6+.*01,0B0E)0,,191.7+,120A022:05#&&B 1/5778510/6+.*01,0D60<5/5*11/1*+(571(0/*061,,5((0651*142+..5(5*;1,,+..+ *21>07+,120 + 7+2*571,0 0 4)K 0..020 2542+6+**1 7+/*07/5780 65 7+7+,*)21 +.*0+>,1.*5780 A1:17? 1/6 1-02.# &&G )?802M00 0* 1,# &&G 5,..+/ 0* 1,# &&B.45*1.& E)50.70/*5#,0/*1(0/*0757,1/*5065/-216+65-121/*520,0(1*+4+50.51,)/-+*02(5/0 0 65(0/.5+/5 60,,1/577851 0/6+.*01,0.+/+.*20**1(0/*0 20-+,1*0 61,,1 780#42+6)70/6+,0.420..5+/065P1--06A,5-1/6+65+*78 B# 5/6)70 -,5 +.*0+>,1.*5 7168025/1 L " 1 42+,5<02120 0,0. 16 1)*+(1/*0/02.5(0651/*0)/ <5/0(0771/5.(+ +(0+.*1*57+ >1.1*+.),,5/*021=5+/0 716025/1"β71*0/5/1*21 E)0.*5 6)0 75*+*545 70,,),125 1 2+**)21 65*1,0,0-1(0 16 +4021 65 (0*1,,+ 42+*01.5 42+9+71 /0,,0. )/ 177)(),+ 65 β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
.75/51-/+.55(()/+,+-57160,,0,0)70(50(50,+56517)*0 0-,5),*5(5 1//5 D 0(02.1)/1.0250 65 1..+751=5+/5*21 E)1625 75*+(+2<+,+-575 06 1.40**5 75*+-0/0*75 0,,1(>5*+ 65 1,7)/5 75*+*545 D 4+..5>5,0 65.*5/-)020 0/*5*; 75*+,+-5780 1..+751*0 1 412*57+,125 1,*021=5+/5 72+(+.+(5780 0 1,*021=5+/5 75*+-0/0*5780 4+..+/+ 0..020/)(025780 0"+.*2)**)21,5 0 4+..+/+ 0..020 420.0/*5 7+(01/+(1,50.5/-+,0+5/1..+751=5+/0 /(+,*0,0)70(50 17)*0# 7121**025==1*0 61 412*57+,125*21.,+71=5+/5 72+(+.+(5780# (0651/*0,1 *07/571 60,,1 D 4+..5>5,0,1(4,5<571=5+/0 65.0E)0/=0 65 *)(+20.4075<5780 + 1(4,5<571=5+/0 65 ( 785(02575 *)(+20 1..+751*5#.40..+ (0651/*0)/120*2+*21.725=5+/060,,+2+(17A 1>0,,1B 19
4412*50/01E)0.*+*54+65*21.,+71=5+/572+(+.+(5780#1..+751*01,,0.420..5+/065 0 65 ( *)(+20.4075<575#,1 *21/.,+71=5+/0 *AGBAEGB 7121**025.*57160,,1,0)70(5117)*142+(50,+75*571AB5/902.5+/0402570/*257160, 72+(+.+(1 W5/9AB4EBX A 5-)21 B# D )/1,*021=5+/0 1..+751*1 1,,0,0)70(51(50,+>,1.*571 7+/ 0,091*1 420.0/=1/0,(56+,,+ +..0+ 0/0,.1/-)0 65 4207)2.+25 0+.5/+<5,5 0 7+5/9+,-0.), E 5,-0/0! 7851(1*+ 1/780! 0.), 72+(+.+(145,-0/0J#7807+65<571402,171*0/140.1/*060,,1(5+.5/160, ().7+,+,5.75+61/6++25-5/01)/-0/065<).5+/0+(785(0257+.75 / 25/7541,5 *21.,+71=5+/5 72+(+.+(5780 1..+751*0 1,0)70(50 17)*0# 72+/57800,5/<+(5 $5/14420.0/*1=5+/0.780(1*57160,,5/902.5+/060,72+(+.+(1/0,,1,0)70(51 7+/0+.5/+<5,51.5/5.*215,72+(+.+(1/+2(1,0#160.*217+/,5/902.5+/001,70/*2+,1 4+2=5+/060,72+(+.+(1780950/05/902*5*1 20
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
.),,+.*)65+ 60,,0 5/*027+//0..5+/5 *21 ()*1=5+/5 0,1,+2+ 25,091/=1 42+-/+.*571 A 5-)21B $5 / 20E)0/=1 605.+**+-2)445 75*+-0/0*575 0(+,07+,125 25,091/*5/0,,1 42+-/+.5 65 /05-5+91/516),*5 / 412*57+,120# 71.5 65 7+/ /+/()*1*+ 5/ 420.0/=1 65 +()*1=5+/5 >51,,0,5780 65 "!# 0.5>5.7+/+ 42+-/+.5.5(5,0 1,,0 <+2(0 65,0)70(51 7+/ 7+5/9+,-5(0/*+60,! A B#<1**+2065*21.725=5+/07+5/9+,*+/0,,1 65<<020/=51=5+/0.*1(5/1,0 A78,0/? 0* 1,# &&G 200/ 0* 1,# &&G 1<02,178 0* 1,# &&G 0//095,,0 0* 1,# &&B %)0.*+.450-1 40278Q 5 41=50/*5 7+/ *1,5 ()*1=5+/5/+/>0/0<5751/+65)/*21451/*+1,,+-0/57+A78,0/?0*1,#&&G200/0* 1,#&&G1<02,1780*1,#&&G0//095,,00*1,#&&B 0541=50/*51<<0**561.+/+.*1*0560/*5<571*01/7801,*20/)(02+.0()*1=5+/5H ()*1=5+/5 60,-0/0.+/+ 20,1*591(0/*0 7+()/5#(1/5<0.*1/6+.5/0, U 605 71.5A2+=0?0*1,#&&BG()*1=5+/5/0,-0/0.+/+.*1*0560/*5<571*0/0,&U 60541=50/*5A>0,181>0*1,#&&B05/40270/*)1,5.5(5,5.+/+.*1*025.7+/*21*0 ()*1=5+/5 1/780/0,-0/0 A1265. 0* 1,# &&B, 7+/*2125+# 20,1*591(0/*0 2120.+/+,0()*1=5+/565 # #S0!560/*5<571*05/(0/+60,U 60541=50/*51<<0**561A0:0*1,#&&B 0, &&,2-1/5==1=5+/0 +/651,0 60,,1 1/5*; 81 42+4+.*+ )/ /)+9+.5.*0(1 7,1..5<571*59+ 605 65.+265/5(50,+42+,5<021*595 780 16+**1# 1771/*+ 15 725*025 7,5/575 0 (+2<+,+-575 60,,1 4207060/*0 7,1..5<571=5+/0! A2)44+ ++4021*59+ 21/7+ (02571/+!25*1//57+H 9065 1>0,,1 B# 7121**025.*5780 5(()/+<0/+*545780# 75*+-0/0*57800>5+,+-57+(+,07+,125H,17,1..5<571=5+/0A3026,+30*1,#&&B A 1>0,,1'B 22
.75/,1..5<571=5+/05.*+785(571(+2<+,+-571! 0, &&U 605 71.5 65 >1(>5/5 1<<0**5 61 #,1(1,1**51 4)K 0..020 7,1..5<571*1 7+(0<+2(1###+#(0/*20/0,20.*1/*0&U60571.5,1.5 420.0/*17+/5.+**+*545+,7+/*2125+#.+**+156)01//5650*;#75271,&U 60,,0 14412*0/-+/+ 1,.+**+*54+ + 1 7)5.5 1..+751/+ 251221/-51(0/*5 60,,1>1/61E7+5/9+,-0/*55,-0/0A3026,+30*1,#&&B 23
.7&!./,1..5<571=5+/060,,1,0)70(51(50,+56017)*1 042+>1>5,5*;65)/1,)/-1.+42199590/=1+65-)125-5+/0.+/+1**+2/+1,U#(1,0*; 191/=1*1 60, 41=50/*0 7+/65=5+/1,1 42+-/+.5# 5, 607+2.+ 0,1**0--51(0/*+ *02140)*57+61*0/020 /+,*20#,1 714175*; 60,,+2-1/5.(+ 65.+44+2*120,1 *021451 1/*5,0)70(571 A780(5+*021451 65 65902.1 5/*0/.5*; 0 6)21*1 0*21451/*+ 65(56+,,+B.5256)70 7+/ 5, 42+-206520 60,,0*; 1,*2+ 71/*+#,0 60,,1/=51/+.+/+ 5/*25/.071(0/*0 45C 20.5.*0/*51,,1*0214511/*5,0)70(571081//+7121**025.*57807,5/57800>5+,+-578045C 9575/01,,0.07+/612507801E)0,,0 +>50**59+ 425(125+ 60, *21**1(0/*+ 605 41=50/*5 7+/, D 65 21--5)/-020 0 (1/*0/020,1 20(5..5+/0 7+(4,0*1 AB A 20520578 0* 1,# B 02 20(5..5+/0 7+(4,0*1.55/*0/60)/1/+2(1,5==1=5+/060,,17+/*11)/91,+204125+(1--5+2065 &&@& ",402,0451.*25/0#65@& ",4025,0)7+75*506)/1420.0/=165>,1.*5/0, (56+,,++..0+5/<025+201,UA80.+/#&&B+4+1//56520(5..5+/07+(4,0*1 24
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
,0)70(5+-0/0 91251 61,,+& 1,,U/0,,5/*021 4+4+,1=5+/0/0+4,1.*571#(0/*20,1 (1--5+2 412*0 605 >,1.*5 7+.*5*)5.70 5, /0+4,1.*57+ 7121**025==1*+ 61 )/1>0221/*0 65<<020/=51=5+/0# (1 5/714170 65 *21.<02520 /0-,5 1/5(1,5 61 0.4025(0/*+,1,0)70(51A1,02>10*1,#&&B 05/61-5/575*+-0/0*5780065>5+,+-51(+,07+,1207+/6+**0.),,0 L 8: 81//+ 5/65956)1*+ ()*1=5+/5 (),*54,0 605 6+(5/5 785/1.575# 605 <1**+25 65 *21.725=5+/00605-0/5+/7+.+4420..+25 1,5()*1=5+/5.+/+1..+751*0161,*021=5+/5 605(0771/5.(565720.75*1065.+42199590/=1(0651*561?1441!A κ!b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γ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αb 780 1.)1 9+,*1(0651/*0 4121725/5 5/720(0/*1,0.420..5+/0 65 S.),,1.)402<5750 60,,0 70,,),0 0/6+*0,51,5 0 (0651/*0 5/6)=5+/0 1)*+725/1,0.420..5+/0 S/0,,0 +/(0771/5.(5 1/1,+-85 α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