Session 5 Round Table Active networks and Smart Grids: sustainable evolution of the present distribution system INNOVATIVE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: INFLUENCE OF REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT F. Pilo, University of Cagliari, Italy Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 1
Outlines Active Distribution Networks& Smartgrids Regulation and Smartgrids Influence of Regulation Example Conclusions Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 2
Active distribution networks Active distribution networks are distribution networks that have systems in place to control a combination of distributed energy resources (generators, loads and storage). DSOs have the possibility of managing the electricity flows using a flexible network topology. DERs take some degree of responsibility for system support, which will depend on a suitable regulatory environment and connection agreement. (CIGRE SC C6) Centrale Idroelettrica Centrale a bassa emissione Trasformatore Rete interrata per comunicazione e energia Fotovoltaico Microrete Micro accumulo elettrico Impianto centralizzato Virtual power plant Accumulo termico Microturbine Residenziale Impianti industriali Mini Idroelettrico SMES Celle a combustibile Centrale solare Controllo e comunicazione Solare termico e CHP fotovoltaico residenziale Generazione eolica Biomasse Controllo della domanda CHP Celle a combustibile Residenziale Mercato Terziario e industriale Eolico off - shore Servizi a valore aggiunto Microrete Previsioni meteo Accumulo con H 2 in pressione Wind farm Produzione da onde e maree Produzione di H 2 e stazione di servizio Gestore del Sistema di Trasmissione Gestore del Sistema di Distribuzione CHP Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 3
Distribution Management System Real-time measurements Operation conditions Switch status State Estimator Voltage regulation (OLTC) P and Q flows from DG and storages Responsive loads Network data, Pseudomeasurements Constraints and contracts Network Reconfiguration The DMS input are real time measurements and the distribution state estimation output. Furthermore, to safely operate the distribution system, the central control system would need backup scenarios in case of failure in the control or communication systems. Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 4
Session 5 123 papers 39 papers deal with topics like active networks, smartgrids, self healing networks, smartmetering, etc. Some authors propose DC distribution Many papers dealing with planning, assett management, methods and tools are focused on active distribution Few papers deal with real applications but there are many on going projects Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 5
Regulation Active Distribution is one of the main system development drivers according to papers received Sharing responsibilities in distribution services require a specific regulatory environment that is missing in most of the countries The choice of the regulation framework impacts the future development of the system Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 6
Example Paper 857 uses a MO algorithm to assess how a regulatory environment influences the development of the system The final goal is increasing RES and improving efficiency Three independent players with different goals The most robust solutions (compromise solutions) may imply more or less RES integration depending on the regulation adopted Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 7
Conclusions Active distribution and smartgrids are the future of distribution Opportunities for customers, producers and DSO Barriers: regulation and technology Threats: less reliability, aging, energy losses Fabrizio Pilo IT S5 RT Tuesday, June 9 2009 8