Università degli studi di Firenze

Transcript

1 Università degli studi di Firenze Gilberto Grazzini, Filippo Parrini, Massimiliano Pieraccini, Alessandro Spinetti, Giovanni Macaluso Very large bandwidth and high dynamic range CWSF radar for non destructive utility detection G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

2 What s a GPR? What s ORFEUS? Why is GPR interesting for GAS industries? What can ORFEUS bring to the GAS industries? How ORFEUS works? Why ORFEUS could be a step change in GPR world? G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

3 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

4 GPR stands for It s a device able to perform non destructive imaging of the subsurface. It s useful in many situations: Archeological excavations; Intra wall imaging; Buried utilities location; Ground Penetrating Radar Let s go thru a brief explanation of the working principles.. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

5 RADAR systems work measuring the delay time between the transmission of a EM pulse, and the reception of the same pulse backreflected by a target. Target usually moves Radar usually not G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

6 Measurement setup slightly changes in case of GPR: Radar always moves Target never moves G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

7 Every hyperbola is a target G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

8 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

9 ORFEUS is a project funded by the EC Optimized Radar to Find Every Utility in the Street 9 partners involved ( UK, IT, NL,B, FR, D, CZ) G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

10 The aims of the project are: Develop and realize a prototype of a surface GPR with characteristics beyond the present SOA product Develop and realize a prototype of GPR to be hosted in the drilling rod of a trenchless excavating machine Increase the knowledge of the soil properties for optimization of the GPR measurement G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

11 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

12 Just a few photos.. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

13 A reliable and efficient mapping tool is needed in order to reduce the maintenance costs of the existent gas distribution networks; A similar tool may be also used when laying new network; GPR is a very promising technology for pipe detection, because of its capability of detecting pipes of every material (plastic, metal,..) G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

14 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

15 ORFEUS is aimed at two main characteristics of the GPR technology.. Speed.. Visibility.. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

16 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

17 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

18 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

19 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

20 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

21 SOA GPR uses mainly pulsed technique, while ORFEUS uses a totally different approach of signal generation. Pulsed technique VS CW SF technique G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

22 CW SF Wide dynamic range Very large bandwidth High time stability Low speed High weight and power consumption PULSED Lower dynamic range Medium bandwidth High time jitter Medium/high speed Very low weight and power consumption G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

23 With the use of the CW SF technology we can have a substantial increase in dynamic range (penetration depth) performance. Using narrow filters allows a drastic reduction of the noise level But, there s a drawback, mainly related to the signal generation speed. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

24 The signal is transmitted all at once Each of the sub bands is transmitted in a different moment An accurate development is needed in order to reduce the frequency hopping time. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

25 PLL Low speed clean output PLL+DDS HIGH speed CLEAN output High speed High spurious level DDS G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

26 The final synthesizer approach uses both techniques This approach allows 200Hz (scan per second) survey, bringing the survey speed up to 2 mt/sec G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

27 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

28 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

29 Radar performance assessment has been pursued with a comparison with a SOA GPR. An exhaustive measurement campaign has been carried out all across EU in different test sites. Different soils: clay, basalt, gravel, sand, crushed debris.. Different target: water pipe, gas pipe, sewer.. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

30 Valsavignone IT Pisa IT Newcastle UK Liverpool UK Paris FR Milan IT Sardinia IT Villefranche s.m. FR G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

31 ORFEUS RADAR G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR PULSED RADAR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

32 ORFEUS RADAR PULSED RADAR G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

33 ORFEUS RADAR PULSED RADAR G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

34 Depending on the soil conditions and target characteristics, penetration depth of the ORFEUS radar is increased with respect to SOA GPR. Penetration depth is increased 20%/40% depending on the site The fast frequency synthesis allow fast survey, with a speed comparable to the pulsed technique. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

35 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

36 A CW SF GPR has been developed using novel techniques aimed at providing: High visibility High dynamic range; High speed Fast frequency synthesys ORFEUS shows performances, mainly in penetration depth, well beyond the present SOA GPR. Further development are scheduled in order to provide a device with characteristics (weight, power consumption) compatible with the market. G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT

37 G.Grazzini ORFEUS, A step change in GPR GERG ACADEMIC EVENT