Le BAT per il trattamento delle emissioni in atmosfera negli impianti di termovalorizzazione dei RSU. L esperienza di Brescia. Torino, 30 Ottobre 2008

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1 Le BAT per il trattamento delle emissioni in atmosfera negli impianti di termovalorizzazione dei RSU L esperienza di Brescia Torino, 30 Ottobre 2008

2 IL TERMOUTILIZZATORE DI BRESCIA This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 2

3 GRUPPO A2A Energia Elettrica Calore Gas Acqua Nettezza Urbana Produzione Produzione Importazione Captazione Raccolta W.T.E. Distribuzione Trasmissione Distribuzione Pulizia strade Trasporto Vendita Distribuzione fognature Smaltimento Distribuzione Vendita depurazione Trading Vendita Illuminazione pubblica This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 3

4 CRONISTORIA SINTETICA DELL IMPIANTO Istituzione Commissione tecnico-scientifica Approvazione del Consiglio Comunale Approvazione Regione Lombardia Prima combustione dei rifiuti Termine prove e collaudi - Impianto in esercizio industriale Messa in servizio Terza Linea Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale Regione Lombardia This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 4

5 REQUISITI DEL PROGETTO 1. PROTEZIONE AMBIENTALE 2. EFFICIENZA ENERGETICA NETTA 3. AFFIDABILITA', SICUREZZA E CONTINUITA' DI SERVIZIO This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 5

6 PROTEZIONE AMBIENTALE 1. LOCALI CHIUSI E IN DEPRESSIONE 2. COMBUSTIONE AVANZATA. regolazione automatica immissione e avanzamento rifiuti. sistema "esperto" con telecamera ad infrarossi. griglia a 30 compartimenti con regolazione indipendente. ricircolo fumi 3. SISTEMA DEPURAZIONE A SECCO CON CALCE E CARBONI ATTIVI This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 6

7 PROTEZIONE AMBIENTALE 4. FILTRO A MANICHE A 6 SEZIONI INDIPENDENTI 5. SISTEMA SILI E IMMISSIONE REAGENTI DUPLICATO 6. SISTEMA MONITORAGGIO CONTINUO EMISSIONI RIDONDANTE 7. MINIMO CONSUMO DI ACQUA 8. ASSENZA DI SCARICHI LIQUIDI 9. ELEVATA INSONORIZZAZIONE This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 7

8 This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 8

9 sezione del sistema di combustione This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 9

10 griglia ad azione inversa This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 10

11 sistema esperto con telecamera a raggi infrarossi This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 11

13 3 rd combustion unit under construction This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 13

14 sistema denox SNCR This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 14

15 INSTALLAZIONE E SPERIMENTAZIONE DI UN SISTEMA SCR high dust (non ancora disponibile industrialmente) OBIETTIVI: - ulteriore riduzione dei NOx TERMOUTILIZZATORE Sistema denox SCR high dust - contenimento dell ammonia slip - riduzione dei consumi di soluzione ammoniacale - mantere alta l efficienza energetica dell impianto This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 15

16 SCR high dust PROBLEMI: - ostruzione del catalizzatore - avvelenamento del catalizzatore VANTAGGI: - maggiore efficienza energetica (non necessario il riscaldamento. dei gas e minori perdite di pressione del gas) - semplicità di installazione - minori costi di investimento e di esercizio This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 16

17 The NextGenBioWaste Project Innovative demonstrations for the next generation of biomass and waste combustion plants for energy recovery and renewable electricity production Funded by the European Commission (6 th Framework Research Program) Project duration: (48 months) Budget: 29 M This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 17

18 NextGenBioWaste Project (Consortium : 17 partners from 7 countries) Co-ordinator: SINTEF Energiforskning AS (NO) Partners: Afval Energie Bedrijf, Amsterdam (NL) ASM BRESCIA SPA (IT) (16% share 4.5 M SCR HD) Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Schweinfurt GmbH (DE) Joint Research Centre of the EC (NL) KEMA (NL) Max-Planck-Institute (DE) N.V. Afvalverwerking Rijnmond (NL) SEGHERS Keppel Technology Group (BE) SINTEF Energiforskning AS (NO) SVUM, a.s., Prague (CZ) TNO (NL) Trondheim Energiverk Fjernvarme AS (NO) Vattenfall AB Business unit Nordic Heat (SE) Vattenfall Europe Waste to Energy GmbH (DE) Vattenfall Power Consultant AB (SE) Vattenfall Utveckling AB (SE) Visser & Smit Hanab (NL) This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 18

19 (The waste to energy plant of Brescia) This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 19

20 Space for scr high dust installation This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 20

21 HIGH DUST SCR LAYOUT CATALYST LAYER MIXER (SPACE FOR UP TO 5LAYERS) DAMPERS NOx NOx FLUE GAS This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 21

22 SCR operation start (1 layer) HIGH DUST SCR RESULTS NO x - NH 3 emissions 90 Start with 2 nd layer NOx - NH3 stack emissions [mg/nm³] NH3 consumption [l/h] NOx NH3 slip NH3 cons , ,3 1,8 0 1/1/06 1/5/06 29/8/06 27/12/06 26/4/07 24/8/07 22/12/07 20/4/08 18/8/08 3,7 2, 5 4 4, This information was prepared NOx by A2A and NH it is not to be relied by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent consumption ammonia slip

23 HIGH DUST SCR RESULTS Start with 2 nd layer T, p SCR 325 3, , ,50 T [ C] ,25 2,00 1,75 1,50 1,25 1,00 0,75 p [mbar] T SCR [ C] Dp [mbar] 50 0, ,25 0 3/7/06 31/10/06 28/2/07 28/6/07 26/10/07 23/2/08 22/6/08 0,00 T gas p SCR This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 23

24 catalizzatore dopo 5 mesi di esercizio This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 24

25 (The waste to energy plant of Brescia) CATALYST AFTER 2 YEARS OF OPERATION After Cleaning Before Cleaning This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 25

26 schema impianto trattamento fumi This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 26

27 Filtro a maniche This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 27

30 (Brescia) Emissioni al camino Dati in mg/nm3 (tranne TCDD espressi in ng/nm3) riferiti a gas secchi, 11% O2 AUTORIZZ. REGIONALE 1993 DATI DI PROGETTO 1994 DIRETTIVA EUROPEA 2000/76/CE (recepita dall'italia nel 2005) DATI REALI DI ESERCIZIO (anno 2005) Polveri <0,5 Biossido di zolfo (SO2) Ossidi di azoto (NOx) Acido cloridrico (HCl) Acido fluoridrico (HF) ,1 Monossido di carbonio (CO) Metalli pesanti 2 0,5 0,5 0,01 Cadmio (Cd) 0,1 0,02 0,05 0,002 Mercurio (Hg) 0,1 0,02 0,05 0,002 Idrocarburi policlici aromatici 0,05 0,01 0,01 <0,0001 TCDD Teq ng/nm3 0,1 0,1 0,1 <0,005 This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 30

31 Efficienza energetica Costituisce un importante fattore di protezione ambientale, sia perché consente il risparmio di risorse energetiche non rinnovabili, sia perché permette di evitare emissioni dagli impianti alimentati a combustibili fossili This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 31

32 affidabilita' e sicurezza di esercizio 1. TECNOLOGIE SPERIMENTATE 2. DUPLICAZIONE E RIDONDANZA SISTEMI CRITICI 3. ELEVATA AUTOMAZIONE E SUPERVISIONE 4. SISTEMA DI CONTROLLO DISTRIBUITO 5. MISURE RIDONDANTI This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 32

33 sistema di automazione e controllo This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 33

34 sistema di monitoraggio emissioni in continuo This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 34

35 sistema di monitoraggio emissioni in continuo This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 35

36 Campionatore in continuo microinquinanti This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 36

37 Dati di esercizio 2007 Rifiuti trattati (di cui biomasse t) Produzione elettrica netta Produzione termica netta Energia primaria risparmiata Emissioni di CO2 evitate t Mwh Mwh TEP > t This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 37

38 - BRESCIA ENERGIA PRODOTTA milioni di chilowattora elettrici netti equivalenti a: fabbisogno di famiglie 380 km 2 di superficie coltivata a biomassa per energia 3,8 km 2 di pannelli fotovoltaici 527 milioni di chilowattora termici netti equivalenti a: fabbisogno di riscaldamento di appartamenti This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 38

39 Residui prodotti nel 2007 Scorie (ceneri di fondo) di cui al recupero t t Polveri di filtrazione t Ferro recuperato dalle scorie t This information was prepared by A2A and it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without A2A s prior written consent. 39