TO BE - SIMPLE PRESENT

Transcript

1 TO BE - SIMPLE PRESENT A differenza degli altri verbi inglesi il cui uso del Simple Present non coincide sempre con ilpresente Indicativo italiano, il Simple Present del verbo To be traduce generalmente ilpresente Indicativo italiano del verbo essere. Forma affermativa Forme estese I am you are He is She is It is We are You are They are Forme contratte I m You re He's She s It s We re You re They re Le forme interrogative e negative del verbo To be fungono da modello per tutti gli ausiliari inglesi che formano le loro forme interrogative e negative allo stesso modo. Forma interrogativa Si inverte la posizione del soggetto rispetto al verbo, perciò il soggetto segue il verbo. Forma affermativa Forma interrogativa I am Am I...? you are Are you...? He is Is he...? She is Is she...? It is Is it...? We are Are we...?

2 You are Are you...? They are Are they...? Forma negativa Il S. Present di To Be è seguito dalla negazione NOT. Forma affermativa Forma negativa Contrazioni I am I am not I'm not You are You are not You aren t He is He is not He isn t She is She is not She isn t It is It is not It isn t We are We are not We aren t You are You are not You aren t They are They are not They aren t Uso delle forme estese Le forme estese sia affermative che negative si usano: 1. Nell inglese scritto formale, per esempio una lettera formale. 2. Nell inglese parlato, quando si vuole mettere in particolare evidenza ciò che si sta dicendo. Infatti nelle forme estese il tono della voce cade sia sul soggetto che sulla prima vocale del verbo, in questo modo la frase risulta ben scandita. Uso delle forme contratte Le forme contratte affermative e negative si usano: 1. Nell inglese scritto informale, per esempio una lettera ad un amico. Anche l inglese giornalistico o letterario è spesso informale. 2. Nell inglese parlato corrente. Il tono della voce nelle forme contratte cade sul soggetto, il verbo "scivola via", per cui la frase risulta molto scorrevole.

3 1. ESERCIZIO SUL SIMPLE PRESENT DI TO BE Fill in the gaps with the correct form of TO BE 1) Hello, my name Sam. What your name? Hello, my name is Sam. What is your name? 2) Where Catherine from? Where is Catherine from? 3) How old your parents? How old are your parents? 4) How they? How are they? 5) What John s job. he a doctor? What is John s job? Is he a doctor? 6) I very hungry. there any cheese in the fridge? I am very hungry. Is there any cheese in the fridge? 7) How old Margaret? she older than her sister? How old is Margaret? Is she older than her sister? 8) I hot. Could you open the window, please? I am hot. Could you open the window, please? 9) Tom and Jo from America. They from New York. Tom and Jo are from America. They are from New York. 10) Sally right. John never does his homework. Sally is right. John never does his homework. 2. ESERCIZIO SULLE FORME CONTRATTE Rewrite the following sentences using the contracted forms of TO BE 1) You are not my friend. You aren t my friend.

4 2) Are you sure you are not tired? Are you sure you aren t tired? 3) Susan is English. She is a student. Susan s English. She s a student. 4) They are from Boston. They are not English. They are American. They re from Boston. They aren t English. They re American. 5) My father is an actor. His name is Eric. My father s an actor. His name s Eric. 6) His name is James. He is a student. His name s James. He s a student. 7) We are not in the same class. We aren t in the same class. 8) Is he French? No, he is not. He is English. Is he French? No, he isn t. He s English. 9) I am going to Ireland. I am very happy. I m going to Ireland. I m very happy. 10) Your dog is out in the garden. He is very nice. Your dog s out in the garden. He s very nice. 3. ESERCIZIO SULLE ERROGATIVE Turn the sentences into the interrogative form and give positive or negative answers as indicated in the brackets using the contracted forms of TO BE 1) She is from Paris. (YES) Is she from Paris? Yes, she is. 2) We are Tom s teachers. (NO) Are we Tom s teachers? No, we aren t.

5 3) Patrick is an American student. (NO) Is Patrick an American student? No, he isn t. 4) They are my parents friends. (YES) Are they my parents friends? Yes, they are. 5) His uncle is a teacher in my school. (NO) Is his uncle a teacher in my school? No, he isn t. 6) Her sister s cat is brown and white. (NO) Is her sister s cat brown and white? No, it isn t. 7) Marilyn Monroe is an iconic figure. (YES) Is Marilyn Monroe an iconic figure? Yes, she is. 8) He is 22. (NO) Is he 22? No, he isn t. 9) You re going to the cinema. (NO) Are you going to the cinema? No, I m not. 10) Your mother s pen is on the desk. (NO) Is your mother s pen on the desk? No, it isn t. 4. SULLE ERROGATIVE E ATIVE Turn the following sentences into the negative and interrogative form using the contracted forms of TO BE where possible 1) Sheila is listening to music in her room. Sheila isn t listening to music in her room. Is Sheila listening to music in her room? 2) My friends are working today. My friends aren t working today.

6 Are my friends working today? 3) The children are playing tennis. The children aren t playing tennis. Are the children playing tennis? 4) Your brother s friends are nice. Your brother s friends aren t nice. Are your brother s friends nice? 5) My doll is under her bed. My doll isn t under her bed. Is my doll under her bed? 6) Her computer is new. Her computer isn t new. Is her computer new? 7) Your leather boots are brown. Your leather boots aren t brown. Are your leather boots brown? 8) He is working at the moment. He isn t working at the moment Is he working at the moment? 9) Mr. Brown is out of the office. Mr. Brown isn t out of the office Is Mr. Brown out of the office? 10) Your jumper is red.

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