D F.B. Sknn S.C. Hys RFT & ACT Cncttulzzzn dl cs Stfn Stfnn! Psclg - psctput
! z n u fl n n s s p S pns nt,! m t p! l l cm t n m t mp c s s c d? c c qul è l p ò c ch t t m p ch L fs <<è un sccc >> <<è un dt>> spmn ll ncc l stss pns m cn sfumtu dvs. Cm s ptbb ll tdu tutt cò n stt cbl? (Jhnstn, 1998).! s s c p ll v c l Cm? n z m l nf 007! 2, l t s Cujp l, 2007 W & Lngm nt! m t p m c v. dp. = stn t n b. = m v. ndp nt! m t p m c un! u v. dp. = c n c à dlt m =. p d nd m v. n l u stutt u d v d n 59) 9 1 ( y k s.chm N ntsm! m t cmp dcl c clss 1960-70 t! n m t cmp sn! u l c s v. dp. = d s cs s l u q.),!.= p p d d. n. v ( v mnt t p m c dl ns p h c n 2001 CBT unz f m s l cntstu nl Cntstulsm funznl! (Hys, Hys & Rs, 1986) A.Bck J.B.Wtsn F.B.Sknn A.Ells P.Lwnshn M.Lzus M.Slgmn Mdfc d cmptmnt! ntn (s., pns) RFT! (Hys,Bns-Hlms & Rch, 2001) ACT! (Hys, Stshl & Wlsn, 1999) Accttzn d cmptmnt! ntn (s., pns)
Cntstulsm funznl (Hys, Hys Rs; 1988) Bsgn d fn dfnzn funznl dl cmptmnt, n tmn dll su dtmnnt stc/cntstul (.., l pnt), cn cò scludnd dfnzn mntlstch dfnzn d cmptmnt pvt, cm cus d cmptmnt pubblc.! Ntu flssbl dll pnt, cm un untà d nls (l qul pmtt un dsczn sttt, ml gnlzzt dgl pnt).! Ct d vtà pgmtc, pù ch un ct d vtà bst sull cspndnz (dl Mccncsm l Cntstulsm).
Opnt pvsn Cnsgunz: C2 Vgl fl p m fgl! Cntngnz Rm Antcdnt: C1 Rv nflunz
Cntngnz pnt n tmn Ft chm l πάντα ρεΐ d Eclt (Mdt Zn, 1994) A + fqunz (nfzmnt) B fqunz (punzn) C R P + + Aggung qulcs sptt C1 Tlg qulcs sptt C1 Aggung qulcs sptt C1 Tlg qulcs sptt C1 C1 Evnt mbntl ch hnn un funzn psclgc (B s psnt cn mgg mn fqunz n l psnz) Cndzn ch ltn l funzn d lt A C (s., vnt mtvznl, dgh, ugmntl) Psnz mptt d lt zn (s., pt, gl vbl) C2 L cnsgunz ncludn tutt gl vnt ch n psst hnn sgut B n md ffdbl tpgf: é l fm ch l cmptmnt ssum! funzn: é l lzn ch sst t l cmptmnt! l cnsgunz mbntl ch pduc
Pcdu d mdfczn cmptmntl d bs Shpng Tnng d! dscmnzn
Dscmnzn cndznl L dscmnzn cndznl pssn nch cnvlg lzn t vnt Scgl l pù pccl Scgl l pù gnd Cò ch mn stbl è l ppt ch qust ggtt hnn t l ch è bst sull l pptà fml
RFT (Hys, Bns-Hlms & Rch, 2001) Scgl l pù pccl Applcbltà bt: l tnng dscmntv può nn ss bst sl sull pptà fml, m nch su cu cntstul Scgl l pù gnd Implczn cpc: s un u dvnt pù gnd d un mnt d 50 cntsm, ll 50 cntsm dvntn pù pccl d un u B Implczn cmbnt: cm ppst d Appst dc Tsfmzn dll funzn stml: cm B C l & C func : cm P (lzn untnd) P P ppst d Appst dc P (lzn untnd) B ppst d Appst dc (lzn untnd) C l : cm ppst d ppst d bd c ppst d cm cttv C func : n fmgl l lv D stuzn (O H t l, 2004) Mtf (Stwt & Bns-Hlms, 2001) Anlg (Stwt & Bns-Hlms, 2004)...m nch tn dll vc, pus, gst, nt cnvszn, ntzn pccdnt cn un ndvdu
Fm lznl Fm d cdnzn: l stss d, sml, cm, cc... Fm tmpl cusl: pm dp, s/ ll, cus d, gnt d, cc... Fm cmptv vluttv: mgl d, pù gnd d, pù vlc d, cc... Fm dttc: /tu, qu/là, cc... Fm spzl: vcn/lntn, cc...
Tct d Sknn Es. TACT: tchtt! Il pt vn c dc TAXI, n spndm ll pl cm s vdssm l mcchn. C lzm lscm l lbg.! Sknn (2006), td. t Dfs dl cmptmntsm, Amnd Edt Il Tct s stblsc p mzz d un tnng dscmntv pvd un st nfzmnt gnlzzt n psnz dgl ggtt d fmnt! Hys & Wlsn, 1993 x x Stss tpgf m dvs funzn! Pppbg, 2005 x x LA FUNZIONE MODERNA DEL LINGUAGGIO Dtmn lzn n md bt, scnd cultu sctà, t vnt dl mnd, smbl, mmgn, gst sun (Chs & Dnfth, 1991) c--n- cn l. dvt ndc l cn nn l gtt
Implczn clnch P smp, un gzz spmnt un ttcc d pnc nl ngz stt cs, dt ch tl ngz è n un fm lznl pù gnd d cn l cnt cmmcl d Mln, pu nn ssndc m stt, tl gzz ttbuà l cnt cmmcl Mln pù ns sptt l ngztt stt cs. Rfm! tmpl vluttv: s, pù gnd d ngztt cnt! cmmcl RClssfc (Cl)
L ntzn t mltplc cnsgunz è studt stt l nm d Cmptmnt gvnt d gl Augmntl: è un ptcl tp d stuzn ch cmb l ffcc d un nfz d un punzn ttvs l tsfmzn dll funzn stml, n ccd cn l lzn d mplczn. Gl Augmntl fmtv sn qull ch sttuscn vnt cm nfz punzn (s., stbl ch s può cmb un cupn cn un tcl pmznl), mnt gl ugmntl mtvnt umntn ducn l ffcc d vnt gà sttut. Il Plnc è mntnut d un chst scl l pcpt nn d un chst n un stuzn v pp Il Tckng è l cmptmnt gvnt d gl, d è tl cmptmnt (nn l ftt ch l cmptmnt è cust d gl) pdu cnsgunz.
Plnc: spmnt d Mlgm
Cmptmnt gvnt d gl Augmntng Plnc Tckng P cm P A B P ppst d C Cl Cfunc cm P B A ppst d C Cl Cfunc + fqunz (nfzmnt) A B fqunz (punzn) C
Plnc Tckng pm qust dt è cm dgt l f
Implczn clnch dl Plnc Nn c sn smp nquvcbl d sucd t gl nml! 12.6 p 100,000 psn ngl Stt Unt s sucdn gn nn (Shndmn, 1985)!!!!! M md è n pds ss cn l mmm (R+) mt S m butt stt l tn vd n pds ggung l mmm Plnc ut-gnt!!!
Cnctt d bs d md lvll Un nggn cvl può utlzz l su cnscnz sugl ch sull tnglzn d sstgn p cstu un pnt sld, spnd ch qust cnctt sn sstmtcmnt cllgt pncp d bs dll fsc, m snz dvs cllg d ss gn vlt ch n pgtt un.
Evtmnt-Accttzn SCOSSA NO SCOSSA Ess nn-vbl CIBO CIBO cttv SCOSSA Ess vbl NO SCOSSA ss pzz! dbl CIBO Pns qulcs lt CIBO Rfug Vcnz pcvl Pnc ns Wlsn t l (2001) Accttzn: pcss cmptmntl d spszn ll dtt utmtc funzn stml dgl vnt, snz g p du mnpl qull funzn, snz g sull bs dll l funzn dvt vbl (Hys, 1994)
Bdctnl tnsfmtn f stmulus functns (Hys & Wlsn, 1993): PTSD Nn ccd nl cndznmnt clssc pnt (undznl) Wds & Knt, 2007... tsfmnt dll funzn stml tsfmnt dll funzn stml cd pzz pt (pns, cd...) tsfmnt dll funzn stml dbl mgg vtmnt...il TENTATIVO DI CONTROLLO RISULTA PARADOSSALE!!!
Fusn-Dfusn Immgn d mp,n mtà un bcch stlzzt cn l tu slv, p d bl tutt d un,t. Fusn cgntv: pcss ttvs l qul ptcl funzn cgntv nzn dmn lt funzn cgntv dttmnt ndttmnt dspnbl. cntg spdl slv AIDS fm! vluttv mt Escz ch nsgnn l dstnzn t l dmnsn cnct dll spnz l dmnsn vluttv (p s., l dffnz t un tzz tnd un tzz butt), pssn du l tsfmzn dll stml ch mgn d fm vluttv nscst. Cntst d fut Dfusn: spst l ttnzn d pdtt lznl pcss lznl. Hys cllgh (1999) ntn ch l dfusn smb funzn n pt ndnd l pcss cntnu d fmng lznl d vnt, vdnt n qul mmnt.
Fusn-Dfusn 2 Evnt Anls funznl A B C Evnt Assssmnt A B C Cultu Idl Vl Schm Rgl SC R Rm Rv SC R Rm Rv 1 Rv 2 Lmtzn sstnzl S R - S R - Anchs nd Tmbull (1982), L nls cmptmntl dll ns, Fnt:'R.'Anchs' n L ns l cfl cu d Agnl Tmbull A pznt può ss chst d scv l l st d vt cn gl stss vnt fttul, csì d ndbl l cnz dll st, l su cdbltà, l su bs cm un gustfczn p ct zn. L bttv dll dfusn nn è d lmn l funzn stml vbl m d pt l cmptmnt d un fm d cntll cntstul pù blnct flssbl (Wlsn & Mull, 2004)
Cnttt cn l mmnt psnt P smp, un gzz spmnt un ttcc d pnc nl ngz stt cs, dt ch tl ngz è n un fm lznl pù gnd d cn l cnt cmmcl d Mln, pu nn ssndc m stt, tl gzz ttbuà l cnt cmmcl Mln pù ns sptt l ngztt stt cs. pù gnd d fm! tmpl vluttv R- R- ngztt ngztt cnt! cmmcl R- cnt! cmmcl RCntst d cntngnz! cstut vblmnt Cnttt cn l mmnt psnt Cntst d dfusn mgg flssbltà psclgc
Mndfulnss Kbt-Znn (2003) h dfnt l mndfulnss cm l cnspvlzz ch mg ttvs l pst cnspvlmnt ttnzn, nl mmnt psnt, n md nn gudcnt, l sussgus d spnz stnt dp stnt. Tsdl t l. (2000), usn l tcnch d mdtzn p nsgn gl ndvdu dvnt pù cnspvl d pns d sntmnt lzns cn ss n un pspttv pù mp, dcntt, cm vnt mntl, puttst ch cm sptt dl Sé cm mmgn ch spcchn l ltà n md ncssmnt ccut. L mndfulnss può ss dfnt cm pt cnttt cn l mmnt psnt gl vnt pvt ch ss cntn, n md dfus d ccttzn, cm un ss umn cnspvl ch s tn spnzlmnt stn l cntst n cu s tv (Fltch & Hys, 2005).
Un scz mndfulnss ut pznt ncmnt l snsbltà ll cntngnz d nfzmnt pnt, n un dt mmnt. Rsn tpp gss msscc utlzz d lsstv,! ccssv scz fsc (cntngnz d nfz ngtv) I Rsn tpp gss L m n d f u l n s s f u n z n c m u n ntcdnt vbl ch dà gn d un cmptmnt ltn8v, sgut d lcun cnsgunz cstu:v (p s., l s8nzn dll funzn dll s8ml ntcdnt). I pcss d mndfulnss fvscn l flssbltà cmptmntl n du md: ncmntnd l cnt7 d7 cn l cn8ngnz nll mbnt ducnd l mp7 dll funzn dvt dll s8ml ch nscn l lngugg 7vs l cmbmnt.
Vl: f spnz Rgl dsdttv Rgl dttv L scz è pt d un lung vt sn Plst Attvtà fsc nn svlt Fusn/Evtmnt Dstcc dll cntngnz Inflssbltà L scz è pt d un lung vt sn Ess cn lu n mmnt mptnt Vl Cnttt cn l cntngnz Flssbltà Fgl
Azn mpgnt Pù mpmnt s cncttulzz un vl, pù è pbbl ch l fftt cumultv d nfz spmntt cmptà cn l cmptmntpblm.! Stbl fn nfz ch pssn ffccmnt cmpt cn nfz ptnt fclmnt dspnbl, cntbu ll cstuzn d un mp mdll d zn ffcc, può ppsnt un dll chv p ntvnt d succss (Lwnshn, 1976)
Msll&G.,&Stfnn&S.,&Tmsn&A.&ACT$nd$AMA$ntvn.n$ f$cgvng$n$dmn..&ix&wld&cnfnc&f& Assc:n&f&Cntxtul&Bhv&Scnc.&Pm,&13C15& Lugl&2011.& 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 T0 T1 AMA*VLQ ACT*VLQ L&cc&s&bs&sull&czn&ndmzzt&d&du&gupp&d&fml&d&pzn:& ffm&d&dmnz,&tn:&l un&cn&l&psccduczn&(n=8)&&l lt&cn&l ACT& (N=6).&Ogn&tNmnt&cnsst&d&t&ncnt&d&du&&cscun&pm&&dp& &qul&sn&st:&smmnst:&t&qus:n&p&s:m&l ffcc& dll ntvnt.