Informatica e diritto, Vol. XIII, 2004, n. 1-2, pp

Informatica e diritto, Vol. XIII, 2004, n. 1-2, pp. 303-313.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII?ELE AJA A =JE? E K \AIFAHEA =@EA A=H E C 5)4) /- - +-+1 1) )41 7+) )41,) 1- ) 4-,.1 5 )41 1 JH @K E A` \=FFH??E A A=H E C( EK?`! / E >EAJJELE B H =JELE`" 1 @K E@E@=JJE?EA A=H E CA = AJ @ CE==@ JJ=J=` # +? KIE E 1 64,7 1 - + GKAIJ\=HJE??EFH F E= @EE KIJH=HA \AIFAHEA =HA =JEL== = HA= E = E AA= \KJE E @EK FH @ JJ @EA A=H E C =IKFF HJ @A A A E E@E1 B H =JE?=/EKHE@E?=A@EB H K =HA=?K AHEB AIIE EIK HE? H I =J= EIJHK A JE A \= >EJ @A AB=? J @E/EKHEIFHK@A = IAC = = @ AF JA E= EJ A E EJE 1 FH CAJJ D=FHAI? HF A \= >EJ @A A A E E @E1 B H =JE?=/EKHE@E?=FHAII =B=? J @E/EKHEIFHK@A =@A \7 ELAHIEJ + +=JJ= A 17+? I? F @EE JH @KHHAC EIJK@A JE= AFH > A =JE?DAHA =JELA= \EIJEJKJ @A =BEH =@ECEJ= AA= IK E FEAC A FH?AII?ELE A \E E E=JEL=B=F=HJA@EK FE = FE FH CAJJ?DA=>>E=?DE= =J ]A A=H E C( 17+^ E E E=J A AJKJJ H=E? HI? E GK= A \7 ELAHIEJ +=JJ= A D==JJEL=J K FH?AII HC= E? @EIFAHE A J= E A @E@=JJE?=AJA? CE?= =FFK J A = CE?=@A \A A=H E C ) I? F @E HA @AHAE FE F IIE>E AIEC EBE?=JEL= \AIFAHEA = IE I?A J @EIFAHE A J=HA IKK E IEA A K AH I A@AJAH CA A @EE E E=JELA@E@=JJE?DA =BBAHA JE= A B=? J @E-? E= /EKHEIFHK@A =A1 CAC AHE= A A IJAII JA F @E = JA AHAE FEA? JH IK A=JJELEJ IL JA IE= =FH CAJJ= E A@E@=J JE?=IE= ILE KFF @AE =JAHE= EA A=H E C A@AC EIJHK A JEI BJM=HA@E IKFF HJ I IJ=JEHA= E =JEL= A @ IE@E? FAJA AE JAH A= \7 ELAHIEJ =?KH=@A +-61+ +A JH @EHE?AH?=FAH \A? E=A AJA? CEA@A \E B H = E AA@A =? K E?= E A / E)KJ HE@A FHAIA JA=HJE? FHAIJ= IAHLE E FHAII \7 ELAHIEJ +=JJ= A 17+ 5)4) /- - + => H=J HA +-+1 1) )41 + => H=J HA K?= =HE2H BAII HA=II?E=J,) 1- ) 4-,.1 2H BAII HA=? JH=JJ 1 +-61+ E?A JH @EHE?AH?=@A \7 ELAHIEJ +=JJ= A ` 17+?DAIEE JAHAII=@A \E L= E A A \=HA=@A \1 B H =JE = @+ K E?=JE 6A?D CO

!" 1 B H =JE?=A@EHEJJ 5JK@EAHE?AH?DA 1BE = E= A JEHE?ALKJE@=. @ 5?E= A-KH FA D= FAH AII @E=FHEHA@A ALAHAAFH FHEA?= B HFH F I= E JAH A @EHAJJA=E@?A JE FAH =FH CAJJ= E AAHA= E = E A@EIA E =HE?DAFH F AIIAH AIFA HEA A@E@=JJE?DAE L=JELA@= FK J @ELEIJ=@A = AJ @ CE=A@AC E IJHK A JE=@ JJ=JE AC=H= JA @ =E@?A JEIJAIIEK IKFF HJ JA? CE? A AJ @ CE? =?KH=@A +-61+ =F=HJA?EF= E A=GKAIJ=E E E=JEL=D=E F E?=J =FH @K E A CA A H= A JA@=F=HJA@EJA=? CEK JE@E@?A JE E GK= J AIFAHJE@EI?EF E =HE A@EHE?AH?=J HE@A +-61+ E GK= J AIFAHJE@AC E=IFAJJE AJ @ CE?E AJA? CE?E@A \A A=H E C @E =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? HECE = A?? JA K JE@E ELA K ELAHIEJ=HE A? K =B HJA?=H=JJAHE = E A AJ @ CE?= )@ CCEI IJ=JEHA= E =JE?EH?=K?A JE =E @EFH CAJJEA A=H E C C K @EAIIE? IEIJAE K IA E =HE @E # HAI LA JAHAF E?=J E FE A@E E E @E? JA KJECA AH= A JA = A?AII=HE= A JA E JA CH=JELE= FH CH= =@EK? HI EIJEJK E = A =FAHJ =K K AH L=HE= >E AJH= A"IJK@A JEAJA KJ @=K FE @?A JEE =K A=JJHA =JA? 2+E HAJA,KH= JAE IA E =HE LEA AKJE E =J @A =JAHE= AA A=H E C =FF IE J= A JAFH CAJJ=J AHA= E =J FAHE IA E =HE IJAII 8EIJ?DA \E F IJ= E A@A FH CAJJ A A @= EJ??KEAII FHA @A? HF? IA J =C EIJK@A JE@EIFAHE A J=HA= AC E F JA E= EJ A E EJE@A \A A=H E C =>>E= I?A J @EFHELE ACE=HA? JA KJE@AE IA E =HEA@AE? HHEIF @A JE =JAHE= EHA =JELE J= J =GKA A@EI?E F E AIJHK A J= E= AGK= EFE BHAGKA JA A JALEA A=FF E?=J \A A=H E C -+, A E CKAIJH= EAHA =FEKJJ IJ =@EI?EF E AIFA?E= EIJE?DAGK= EBE?= JE A FAH? HI K ELAHIEJ=HE @AC EIJK@A JE? AJAIJE E= E?=I @AI?HEJJ E GKAIJ =HJE? \)224 ++1 - -)4 1 /( 17+ 1 =?= =@EK BH= AM H JA HE?? I E@=J IK =FA@=C CE= @A \A A=H E C I IJ=JEE F IJELE? EIJHE CA JE=E@?A JE @= FK J @ELEIJ=@A ABE = EJ A@A A AJ @ CEA@E@=JJE?DA J= J A @A AI?A JAJA? CE?DA@==@ JJ=HA FH FHE FAHHEKI?EHA=@ =?GKEIEHAIKGKAIJE=IFAJJE@AE@=JEIFAHE A J= E]IK?= F ^ IJ=J=E LA?AHE?DEAIJ== C E@?A JA =FH @K E A@E =JAHE= A

5 /A A + =HE =HE, 4A@ BE.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII JA A =JE?!# @E@=JJE? HECE = A??=H=JJAHEIJE?DA]IFA?EBE?= A JAA A=H E C^ =F=HJEHA@= AIACKA JE E AACKE@=CA AH= E IA =@E A IE AE L=JEL=@A FH CAJJ =JJEA A=? AIE=??A@A= =JAHE= AA =? A IEKI= IEJH=JJ=@EA,EIJHE>KJE A FH FHE= A JA@EA A=H E C IAE =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? JH=IBAHE>E AIK?=HJ=IA =FAH@EJ=@EABBE?=?E= @E@=JJE?= IEJH=JJ=@EA,EIJHE>KJE A FH FHE= A JA@EA A=H E C IA \AIFAHEA =@E@=JJE?=IE?=H=JJAHE =I FAH =FHAIA =@EB HK A @EJKJ H E AIEJH=JJ=@EB H = E A=@EIJ= =A FH FHE= A JA @EA A=H E C AIE JAJE?= A JA E HEBAHE A J = I C= ]IEB=A A=H E C GK= @ IEKI= IJHK A JE?DA?= >E= E @ @EE F=H=HA^ =IBE@=E F E?=L=@K GKA =HA= E = E A@E =JAHE= E@E@=JJE?EAE H E FEAC IA? @ @= EJ?DAF JAIIAH IJE =HAGKAIJ?= >E= A J HE?=L= @ JKJJEEF IIE>E EABBAJJEF IEJELE@= FK J @ELEIJ=@A IJK@A JA A FH?AII @E=FFHA @E A J 1 GKAIJ IA I \KJE E @A AJA? CEAD=? IA JEJ @EA B=JE =HA=?K A? F A JEE CH=@ @E=HHE??DEHA @E K LA@E A IE E \AIFAHEA =@A \E F=H=HA K JE A@E= EJ \KJE E @EA A A JE K JE A@E= EB=?E EJ= \=FFHA @E A J E GK= J =EKJ=E @EI?A JA=B?= E =HAA = JA AHA \=JJA E AIK? JA KJE=?DA? F AIIE CH= EA= = AII=E =JJ @EFE IJE EIA I HE= E! EFAHJAIJK= EJ \EFAHJAIJ? IJEJKEJ? AK IEIJA = JAF E?A@E HA = E E E A=HEJH=JAIJE @ =F IIE>E EJ = @EI?A JA@EIACKEHAE FH FHE FAHI = AFAH? HI A@E?HA=H AIA FHA@E K LE " )41 )41 + 4 AJ= ] K JEBK?JE = A* ^ =6 J 1 L=JA A=H E C 5EJK=JE I E -+- ]6DA-KH FA= + BAHA?A A A=H E C^ @ 7! /766 4 5-5+0 4 5 47-/-4 0 7IE C AM A=H E C6A?D CEAIMEJD K JE A@E= E 1--- K JE A@E= %! K O 5AFJA >AH " # @EIF E>E A= IEJ DJJF? FKJAH HC K JE A@E= K K!"=>I DJ =? >I 1IIKAIE 0OFAHJANJ= @0OFAH A@E=4AIA=H?D 6 M=H@=.H= AM H B H E E C6DA HO J,AIEC E KH = B -@K?=JE = K JE A@E== @0OFAH A@E=! ''" " #" )- / = K JE A@E= EJ @=EAHE=@ = E E 4ELEIJ=@A \EIJHK E A $ ''$ '#A )4)/ 1) 4 K L = K= A@E@E@=JJE?= K JE A@E= A *=HE =JAH = ''& " +) 8) 1 ) 8)415+ * =?KH=@E + IJHKEHA @A? IJHKEHAIEC EBE?=JE 1FAHJAIJE E?H @EA HE JEB H =JELE + 7-2 2=@ L= ''#A+ ) 1 )41 )

!$ 1 B H =JE?=A@EHEJJ 5JK@EAHE?AH?DA E JAH=JJELEJ A? F A JEE JAH=JJELAFAH AJJ @E =L H=HA? E =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? E K =FFH??E A=H E C >O @ E C?DA? IA JA =CCE HA? E L CE A J K =FE? F AJ=? FHA IE AAK EC E HA=FFHA @E A J @AEJA EJH=JJ=JE # 5E?AH?=J E JHA@EA B=JE =HA =?=H=JJAHEIJE?=@E> A @E C?E @E B H = E A] EIJ=^ A A=H E C AJH=@E E = A KI= @ IJHK A JE1+6?DA? JHE>KEIIAH =HA @AHAFE B AIIE>E EEFH?AIIE@E@=JJE?E $ \EF JAIE@E B @?DAE @??KEIECAIJEI? =>EJK= A JAEFH?AIIE@E@=J JE?E E =JKH= A JAHECE@ A =IK=IJHKJJKH= FAH?D I IJ= E= A JA HA= E =J E @KAB=IE@EIJE JA FHE =K JH=IBAHE A J @EE B H = E A@= @?A JA=C EIJK@A JEAI E IACKEJ K? JH IK =GK= EJ @A \=F FHA @E A J AE?KE =B=IA@=LLAH?HEJE?=FAH \=FFHA @E A J FAH@E FE ]=K =LE=^ @= @?A JA?DAF=H = @E?KEIE ACCAK JAIJ =C EIJK @A JE +DEK GKA=>>E=AIFAHEA =@EE IAC = A J I=E LA?AFAHBAJJ= A JAGK= J IE=E F HJ= JAFAH =GK= EJ @A \E IAC = A J IJAII E? J=JJ @EHAJJ? C EIJK@A JE? I? A J?DAK >K @ FAH E F=H=HAK =? I= GKA @E@ LAH =E IAC =HA=GK=?K = JH K >K E IAC = JA?AH?=K BAA@>=? @=C EIJK@A JE AK >K IJK@A JA?AH?=@E E F=H=HA=JJEL= A JA + \ >EAJJEL @EAIF H=HA =F IIE>E EJ @E=JJEL=HAFH?AIIE@E@=JJE?EE JA H=JJELE? E? JH ABBAJJK=J @KH= JA \=FFHA @E A J AGKE @E]=@KA LEA^ =>>E= FH CAJJ=J K KI @A \A A=H E C?DA? JHE>KEI?==IBK =HA =?K A@EIJE E EKIK= A JA? IE@AH=JA @EBE?=>E E AE F=HJE? =HA JH==JJELEJ @E=K =A=JJELEJ @EIJK@E E @ELE@K= A JH==?GKEIE E A@E? I?A AJA HE?DAA=FF E?= E A@A AIJAIIA 7IE C0OFAHJANJ2H A?JE J 1?HA=IA6A=?DE C-BBA?JELA AII E KH = B -@K?=JE = K JE A@E== @0OFAH A@E= # ''$! "& #,-,- + 6DA-L KJE B,EIJ=?A A=H E C 6A?D CO A@E=JA@1 JAH=?JELA A=H E C E KH = B 4AIA=H?D + FKJE CE -@K?=JE! ''A 0 5, 9 0 5 4 6 5 160 ) )?JELA A=H E C + FAH=JE E JDA+ ACA+ =IIH @ A@ 1 JAH=?JE * + F= O -@E = ''& $ 5)7,-45 2 9-4 -4.E @E CJDAHECDJ> A @B HABBA?JELA A=H E C +A JAHB H6A=?DE C= @ A=H E C 9AIJAH E?DEC= 7 ELAHIEJO @EIF E>E A= IEJ DJJF MMM M E?D A@K JA=?D A=H AM > A @A@ DJ

5 /A A + =HE =HE, 4A@ BE.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII JA A =JE?!% JH=E A JE@EKI @E =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? AE A JE@EE JAH= E A? @?A JEA = JHEIJK@A JE JH= =FH @K E A@A =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? AE IK KJE E! / 1 *1-66181. 4 )6181 5K =>=IA@A A E AACKE@=I FH=AIF IJA \E E E=JEL=IA E =HE= AHA =JE L== \E IAC = A J @E1 B H =JE?=/EKHE@E?=IE F IJ=E E E= A JAJHA >EAJJELEB H =JELECA AH= E E KIJH=HA=C EIJK@A JE \EIJEJKJ @A =BEH =A AJJH E?= @AI?HELA @ IE= C E=IFAJJEJA? CE?E?DAGKA ECEKHE@E?E J E B=JJE?DAE ACEI =J HA HE? I?A @ L= HACEKHE@E? = @?K A J A AJJH E? D= IJ=>E EJ =?K A? @E E E?DAF CCE= IKI?A JA@E =JKH= JA? CE?= A \= >EJ @A? HI @E1 B H =JE?=/EKHE@E?= LEAH= GKE @E \AIECA =@E=LLE?E =HAC EIJK@A JE= AJA? E?DAKJE E =JAE J= E? JAIJEA= A CE?DA=@AIIAI JJAIA A@EB=H? FHA @AHA AH=CE E FAH AGK= EE ACEI =J HA=>>E=HEJA KJ =@ACK=JA AC=H= EAB H EJA @= AJA? CEA=@ JJ=JA FH IFAJJ=HA \E FEAC @A =BEH =@ECEJ= AE K =HA= J LE?E ==C EE JA HAIIE@AC EIJK@A JE@E/EKHEIFHK@A = )J= AI? F IJ=J I?A J \= >EJ @A FH?AII?ELE AFAHE GK= AE, 2 4! FHALA@A \E JH @K E A@A AJA? CEAJA A =JE?DAIKFF HJ=JA@= =I JJ I?HE E A @ECEJ= A 2KH A =? I=FAL A =?DAE @A?HAJ E GKAIJE AJH L==@ CCE=JJK= E AI E =?K EFH CAJJEIFAHE A J= EHA =JELE=IFA?EBE?DA =FF E?= E E A?DA =IK=? F AJ==JJK= E A IE=JJA @A=>HALA =>>E= HEJA KJ? K GKA FF HJK FH IFAJJ=HA=C EIJK@A JEC E E F=JJE?DA \KI @A =BEH =@ECEJ= AF JH =LAHA A AL=HEAB=IE@A FH?AII -?E FAH@KAH=CE E E FHE K C FAH?D HEJA E=?DA IE=? FEJ @EK? HI K ELAHIEJ=HE =?DAGK= @ HEB AJJAIK= >EJE FAH=JELE BBHEHA \??=IE AFAHCK=H@=HA=L= JE I FH=JJKJJ GK= @ E?=IE? AGKAIJ IJAII ACEI =J HA=B H EHAC EIJHK A JEFAH FA I=HA @= EJ K LAA=JJK= E E@ELAHIA E IA? @ K C FAH?D E @A?HAJ E GKAIJE A@=L= \??=IE A@E@AI?HELAHA = CE?=FH IFAJ J=J=@= = H =IA =@ LAH=BBH J=HAC E LLELE? E=FF E?=JELE?DA @AHEL= @= AI?A JA??HAJA 1? HI @E1 B H =JE?=/EKHE@E?=F A E B=JJE JH=EFH FHE >EAJJELE

!& 1 B H =JE?=A@EHEJJ 5JK@EAHE?AH?DA GKA @E=LLE?E =HAC EIJK@A JE= AJA? CEAE B H =JE?DAIJE = @ =HEB AIIE ACA AH= AIK AF JA E= EJ @A H E FEAC =IKFF H J @A \=JJELEJ @A CEKHEIJ= IA =A JH=HA AE@AJJ=C E@A A=FF E?= E E BBAHJA@= AH?=J! B= E E=HE =HAC EIJK@A JE= \KI @AC EIJHK A JEE B H =JE?E I FH=JJKJJ HEIFAJJ = H KJE E A =B=IA@E=FFH B @E A J A =KJ L= KJ= E A@A A? I?A A 5EJH=JJ= E B=JJE @EKJE E E@ELAHIE@= GKA E=?KE H = A JAHE? HHA IJK@A JA@E/EKHEIFHK@A =?DA A = =CCE HF=HJA@AE?=IEKI= =HAJAFAHE IA F E?AHAFAHE A J @E =JAHE= ACEKHE@E? A A J E?KEE FH CAJJ D=FHAI E LE= AH=F IIE>E A=JJE CAHA=AIFAHEA A= = CDAE?= F K ELAHIEJ=HE AE E E=JELAFE @EBBKIAHECK=H@=L= E B=JJE I =BHKE E A@E =JA HE= A@EIF E>E A E A=IKFF HJ @A A A E EE =JAHEACEKHE@E?DA % 1 AH?=J @=?= J IK BBHEL=K F=E @EFH @ JJEE B H =JELE @EIF E>E EE HAJA HA= E =JE@=I?EAJ?DAB H A @ I K E E=FF E?=JELA % AE E E=JELA@EA A=H E C E = >EJ K ELAHIEJ=HE I CCE@A?EI= A JAFE? IEIJA JE?BH IIAHL=J HE @A \A A=H E C A A7 ELAHIEJ 1J= E= A FH CAJJ E@A=J @= =. @= E A +471 E? => H= E A? FAH= K JE A@E= E MMM A A=H E CJ K?D EJ 2AHGK= J HECK=H @=IFA?EBE?= A JA = =JAHE=CEKHE@E?= IJ= JA? JE KE=FHAL= AHA =BHKE E AE HAJA@E =JAHE= EE JACH=JELE=IKFF HJ @A A A E E IEHE AL= =?K EFH CAJJE? B H E= \=FFH??E FHAIA J=J E GKAIJ =HJE? =?DA A \= >EJ @A @EHEJJ @A \E B H =JE?= 5EIAC = = =GKAIJ FH F IEJ AE E E=JELA@A \1JJEC1IJEJKJ @A + 4?DAJH=EFH CAJJE@EHE?AH?== LAH= =HA= E = E A@EIKFF HJEA AJJH E?EFAH \E IAC = A J @A @EHEJJ A \=JJELEJ E =JA HE=@A +EHIBE@ 5EIAC = = E JHA E =JAHE= E CCE@EIF E>E EIK IEJ @A 2H CAJJ -.15 AC=.H= AM H B HJDA1 B H =JE 5?EAJO MMM ABEI HC E F=HJE? =HA FAH=BBE EJ @AE JA EJH=JJ=JE GKA E@A FH B /= E @ @A \7 ELAHIEJ @E5=H=C =A@A FH B +HK @A \7 ELAHIEJ @E5= JE=C @A +E AIK =BEH =A AJJH E?= A \= >EJ @AE? HIEIK \- A?JH E? / LAH A J 1 JAHAII= JA \AIFAHEA =@A.1, @A E EIJAH @E/EKIJE E=HEF HJ=J= A \=HJE? @E2) 14) 1 )46 1 1/-4 5 - A=H E C AC=? JA J =FH A?J? @K? JA@E =II?E=JE MEJDJDA1J= E= E EIJHO B KIJE?A E. /= E @ 4 6H=K AH=?KH= @E ]- / LAH A J AC= JA?D E?= = @FA@=C CE?= =IFA?JI^ 2K> E?=?E AI@A 5A E =HE @A1 B H =JE?=O,AHA?D.E I BE=@A,AHA?D 7 ELAHIE@=@@A =H=C =! E MMM K E =H AI @AHA?D BO@ ABEI @?K A J I?DAHEBAHEI?A@EK \AIFAHEA =@EA A=H E C @=E? JA KJE AC= EE K? JAIJ @ELAHI @=GKA K ELAHIEJ=HE = \E JAH @A \= E E IJH= E A@A =CEKIJE E=

5 /A A + =HE =HE, 4A@ BE.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII JA A =JE?!' E =JAHE=@EBEH =@ECEJ= A IEFHABECCAL= @EE KIJH=HAC E=IFAJJE FAH=JELE E EJ= @ IE=GK=?DA=??A IK A?=H=JJAHEIJE?DA@A \EIJEJKJ & " 1,7 1,1,)661+1 - -)4 1 / - ) -6, /1) ), 66)6) 1 FH CAJJ IE ILE KFF=J E E E= A JA? =FH CAJJ= E AAHA= E = E A@E =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? =IKFF HJ @A \=FFHA @E A J E =K = IE JH=JJ=@E@KA @K E K E =JAHE=@EBEH =@ECEJ= AA \= JH IK FH?AII?ELE AJA A =JE? 2AH =?HA= E A@A =JAHE= A@E@=JJE? E @?A JA?DA K @AC E=KJ HE@EGKAIJ =HJE? D=? => H=J? E +-61+ A =B=IA@EFH CAJJ= E A@A @A A A=H E C )F=HJEHA@=C E >EAJJELEAIF E?EJ=JE A F=H=CH=B FHA?A@A JA IE @A?E I @E?HA=HAK =IJHKJJKH=EFAHJAIJK= A?DA? IA JA? JE KEHE = @EJH=E @KA @K E E @ @=ALEJ=HALE? E@EIAGKA E= EJ JH=E@KA 1 FH=JE?= F IIE>E A=FFH B @EHAE JA =@A =BEH =@ECEJ= ALA@A @ A =IK==FF E?= E A A FH?AII?ELE A? I? AF=HJEHA@=?=I??HAJ @AI?HEJJ A @K HA =JEL = FH?AII?ELE AFAHF E =BBH J=HA \= = EIE@A \EIJEJKJ 6= AE F IJ= E A? IA JA= IJK@A JA@E=IIA? @=HA AFH FHEA =JJEJK@E E= \=FFHA @E A J =@ JJ= @ A =B=IA@EIJK@E \=FFH??E @= =JA HE== =FH=IIE@A@KJJEL =? JH=HE @= =FH=IIE= =JA HE= E @KJJEL FE =BBE A= IK IJE A )? JEB=JJE GKAIJ=@ELAHI= FF HJK EJ @E =LEC= E A? IA JEJ= @= =IJHKJJKH=EFAHJAIJK= A FE HE AL= JA@EGK= J F JHA>>AIA >H=HA E @KA @K E E B=JJE FKHFHAIA J= @ E F IJ= E EAI K E EJA? E?DA = = CDA IE@EBBAHA E= E @ I IJ= E= AE H=CE A@AE H @ELAHIE? JA KJE A JHAE FHE GKA HA =JEL = \EIJEJKJ @A =BEH = @ECEJ= AHEFH @K?AK = A E A@EJEF JH=@E E = AHE? HHA @ = A?=H=JJA HEIJE?DAFH FHEA@AC EIJHK A JE? =IIE?E@A \A A=H E C EFAHJAIJE C II=HE? A JE A?? =IKFF HJ @A \=FFH B @E A J @AE? JA KJE & 1@KAFH @ JJEI @EIF E>E EHEIFAJJEL= A JAIKEIEJEMMM E B?= AHA EJA MMM F IJA? EJ

! 1 B H =JE?=A@EHEJJ 5JK@EAHE?AH?DA.EC \E JAHB=??E=@E? IK J= E A@A @K HA =JEL = =BEH =@ECEJ= A E IA? @ @AI?HELAE FH?AII FAH AJJA @ = =LEC= E A= IK E JAH =JJH=LAHI A@ELAHIAB=IE AKJE E = @ =IJHKJJKH=EFAHJAIJK= AFAH? IJHKEHAK = =FF=??AJJK= A.EC 1 JAHB=??E=@E? IK J= E A@A @K HA =JEL = FH?AII?ELE AJA A =JE?

5 /A A + =HE =HE, 4A@ BE.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII JA A =JE?! 3KAIJ=@EBBAHA JA? J= E A@AE@KA @K ED=@AJAH E =J K @ELAHI HK @A =IJHKJJKH=EFAHJAIJK= A=@ JJ=J= IA E B=JJE A FHE @K \EFAHJAIJ KJE A= \= = EIE?DAIE=LL= A@EHE?DE= E FK JK= E = E EA?EJ= E E A IA? @ AII =II KJ= A JA A?AII=HE FAH?D @ELAHI= A JA = =LEC= E AJH=EL=HE A JE@A FH?AII I=HA>>A F IIE>E A 3KAIJ=@EBBAHA =D=FH @ JJ =?K A? IE@AH= E E?DAIE HEFHA @AH= A A?? KIE E HA =JEL= A JA= =@ELAHI=BHKE E A@AE @K EE IA@A@EIJK@E 1 GKAIJ=IA@A?E>=IJEIAC = =HA? A =F IIE >E EJ @E=LAHA=FFH??E@ELAHIEFAH=BBH J=HA =? FHA IE A@A = =JA HE=IE=IJ=J=E A@E=J= A JAFAH?AFEJ=A=FFHA =J=@=C EIJK@A JE 5K =>=IA@EGKAIJA? IE@AH= E E IJ=J==@ JJ=J=K =IJHKJJKH==@ = >AH @= =GK= A =JJH=LAHI E AHE = @E I F IIE>E EIE= = =LEC= E AE JAH =?DA \E JAHHA = E A? \= JH @K C E @K? H HA@=J @=C II=HE A@=EJAIJE H =JELEHE?DE= =JE )JJH=LAHI =IJHKJJK H==@= >AH IA FHALEIE>E A= =J @A I?DAH F IIE>E ALAHEBE?=HAE GK= AFK J @A = =LEC= E AIE F IE E =JE FAHGK= J HECK=H@=E FHE @K E GK= A A J @A ILE KFF CE? @A \=HC A J A JHAFAHE IA? @ E GK= AB=IA@A FH?AII 2AHA JH= >EIE B=JJ = FE HE? HI =E? A JE=K@E =? F A JAI H= IJ=J=FA I=J=FAH =B=IA@E=FFH B @E A J A@EIJK@E A =I IJ= = E FH @ JJ? IA JA= IJK@A JA@EHE=I? J=HA = A E A B=JJ=E =K =?DALEA AHEFH @ JJ==? A J @A AI E@A C E @K? HHA@=J @=K JAIJ@E=KJ L= KJ= E AIKC E=HC A JE=BBH J=JE? GKAIEJE=@ = @=?DEKI= # + + 751 1 =HA= E = E A@AE@KA @K EAE H E FEAC E =K =A=IKFF HJ @A \=JJELEJ @EIJK@E D=? IA JEJ @ECEK CAHA=@=?K A? IE@AH= E E IK = H ABBE?=?E=AIK AFH > A =JE?DAF IJA@= H E FEAC 6= E? IE@AH= E EFHA @ IFK J =?DA@= AHEB AIIE E@AC EIJAIIEIJK@A JE I A?EJ=JE=L= KJ=HAC EIJHK A JE= H @EIF IE E A B H = A JA? =? FE = E A@EK GKAIJE =HE AE B H = A JAE K? GKE =?? KIE A@A \AI= A@A? HI @E?KEE IA E =HE AH=E JACH= E A =@ELAHI=? J= E A@AE@KA @K EIKCCAHEI?A@EFH?A@AHA= L= KJ= E E@EIJE JAFAHF EJH=HHA? IE@AH= E E@E =JKH=CA AH= A

! 1 B H =JE?=A@EHEJJ 5JK@EAHE?AH?DA 1 FHE @K GKA IK \EIJEJKJ @A =BEH =@ECEJ= A D=AIFHAII = IK=ABBE?=?E=I FH=JJKJJ E IA@A@EIJK@E A=FFH B @E A J 1 IK KJE E E =K = D=ALE@A E=J F=HJE? =HEL= J=CCEHEIFAJJ = HE? HI = K =FHAIA J= E A@EJEF JH=@E E = A A JHAE B=IA@EIJK@E C EIJK@A JE D= F JKJ =FFHA =HAEIACKA JE=IFAJJE =F IIE>E EJ @EHE=I? J=HA = A E AIA? @ EFH FHEJA FEA A FH FHEAAIECA A?DA=EKJ= =B=IA@E? FHA IE A@AC E=HC A JE =F IIE>E EJ @EHE? HHAHA=EHE = @E= = ACCA = C II=HE =?DE=HE A JE?DA? IA JA@EIJE =HA \=FFH B @E A J @A = =JA HE= HA @A @ J= AB=IAFE =CAL AALEL=?A 1 IA? @ @K IK FH?AII?ELE AJA A =JE? D==LKJ =CCE HA E F=JJ E =K = 1? IE@AH= E A@A B=JJ?DA \ >EAJJEL AH=@E@AI?HE LAHAK =FH?A@KH= AIKAL=HEAB=IEA \E FEAC @A =JA? CE=E J= E B=IE E HE? HI =IJHK A JEA A=H E C D==K A J=J \ABBE?=?E=@A = A E A E?KEE IKIIACKEHIE@AE A JE@A FH?AII =? HHA = E AJH=C E IJAIIEAEI CCAJJE? E L JEI IJ=JEB=?E A JAH=FFHAIA J=JEAE A@E= J= A JAFAH?AFEJE@=C EIJK@A JE \ LLE LE? IAGKA E= A@EK =FHA IA J= E A@EJEF JH=@E E = A=LHA>>A@AJAH E =J IA =@K>>E K = A E A@E E HAE F=JJ,\= JH=F=HJA \=LAHFHELE ACE=J =@AI?HE E A @A =FH?A@KH=HEIFAJJ = \=FFH B @E A J @A AJA =JE?DAI JJAIAD= ALE@A E=J E IK E EJAI FH=JJKJJ A =B=IA@EIJK@E E??=IE A@A = GK= AE @K FK AIIAHAKJE E =J FH BE?K= A JAI? A IJHK A J @EHEF=II IJ= JA A@EBBAHA JE? J= E E@AE@KA @K EA =? IACKA JA@ELAHI=ABBE?=?E=E B=IA@EIJK@E C EIJK@A JED= HE AL=J E CA AH= A =@EBBE? J =@KJE E =H E@KH= JA =B=IA?DAIACKA =? FHA IE AA?DAIEI IJ= E=E GKA =@E A HE = E A JED= B=JJ FHAIA JA \AIECA =@EFH LLA@AHA= =IJ= F=@AE@?K A JEA= IJK@E =JJH=LAH I A @= EJ JH=@E E = E 2AHL= KJ=HA =? IEIJA =@EGKAIJ= IIAHL= E A A?AII=HE = IJH =LLEI? IE@AH=HA@KA=IFAJJE @=K =F=HJA E B=JJEE @K>>E?DA IJHK A J E B H =JE? HEAI?=IA FHA=I IJE JKEHAABBE?=?A A JAE IKFF HJ?=HJ=?A A?DA E F=HJE? =HA E @K EE GKAIJE A@A>>= AIIAHAHEFA I=JEJA A @? J @A A@EBBE? J E? JH=JAE B=IA@EIJK@E @= \= JH= FAH IEFK AC=HA =@EBBKI=HE KJ J= =@AC EIJK@A JE@E/EKHEIFHK@A ==@=>>= @ =HA A?AHJA A@A

5 /A A + =HE =HE, 4A@ BE.EH =@ECEJ= AAFH?AII JA A =JE?!! IJK@E IAGKA E= A=JJH=LAHI E = K= AE B=L HA@A \E @AJAH E =JA =E FE @A AL JAI =FF=HA JA@A =JAHE= A HC= E =J =JJH=LAHI C E IJHK A JEJA? CE?EE GKAIJE A A@EBBE? J @AI?HEJJA=FF=E E GKAIJ=FH IFAJJEL= I? JJ @=F=C=HAFAH? IA JEHA= IJK@A JA@E =FHEHIE= @= EJ K LA@E=FFHA @E A J 7 =? IE@AH= E AF=HJE? =HAL=AIFHAII==FH F IEJ @AC EIJHK A JE@E=KJ L= KJ= E A )EKJ=HA IJK@A JA@E/EKHEIFHK@A ==B= E E=HE =HIE? \KI @EJ= EIJHK A JE? IJEJKEI?AK @ K JAHE HAFAH BBHEHC E K LA??=IE E@E=FFHA @E A J 1 F=HJE? =HA \KI @A A@ = @A= HEIF IJ=?DEKI=? IJHE CA@=K =F=HJA= \= = EIE=JJA J= = H=CE = A J CE? = =LAHEBE?=@AEJAH E EKJE E =JE A@= \= JH== =HEIF IJ= FK JK= A?DAFHAI?E @A@= \=JJACCE= A J @AI?HEJJEL )GKAIJ =IFAJJ? HHEIF @A JKJJ=LE= =@EBBE? J @A @?A JA=FHA@EIF HHAJAIJ@E=KJ L= KJ= E A=HEIF IJ=?DEKI=?DA? FH= \E JAH= =JAHE==BBH J=J=AC E @E=? IACKA JA A JA E B H = E EKJE EA? F AJAIK =LAH=F=@H = =@AEJA E@=F=HJA@A IJK@A JA 1? IE@AH= E A@AE E EJE@AE JAIJ=@ JJ=JE AIIEI IJ=JEKJE E =JE? AIJHK A JE@E=KJ L= KJ= E A IA =B=HLEHE? HI FAH \AI= A?DA IJ=J ABBAJJK=J? A @= EJ JH= @E E = E IEAI? K@A FAH?DAE HE? HI =@ELAHIAJEF CEA@EJAIJ ALA JK= A JAE JACH=JAJH= H A \=FFHA @E A J @EJA? E?DAFE H=BBE =JA A = H FH @K E AF II=? @KHHA=? IE@AH= E E@ELAHIA E @K?A @ = \KJE E @EJ= EIJHK A JE=?DAE B=IA@EL= KJ= E ABE = A ' ' )?K E@AC E=IFAJJEGKEE @E?=JEI =BBH J=JEA=FFH B @EJE A \=HJE? @E8-4 1+) *1 1 ] =L= KJ= E A A \A A=H E C^ E A=H E C? K EJO E B