sur Éditions Chemins de Neuville-sur-Saône, 2014 Dépôt légal : septembre 2014 Édition de septembre 2014 (deuxième édition)

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1 Ch m q M n d p d p bb n ( d d ) L n dc n A nd G n

2 M n d p d pbb n ( d d ) Q M n d p d p b b n n m n d p n n n d n h n nd n d mp nd m mp ndp h nd m 7 0 nn. n1 7 p p n p n z n n f m z n nm h n n n z n. Em p m n mm nd m d n b df nm np nd h p m pp np n n h n p ndnp m n d nd d p p. Ln dc nèm î d nf é n Un à S ndh d G nb 3.Hpbb nfl n nm nd b fip d F n V n S y nèm î d nf é n Un à A nd G S ndh d G nb 3. Hpbb : L ' E pd ffi ( n B no ) F 2 007; L G ndp dp D D & ; L P n ' mp. d z m n ' d B n( nm mmf n ) F n www. bq n. f

3 P é f d é d Q M n d p d pbb n n d p n d n n m n n n àf n.cm p d d n hnnh nnm d p m n mp nd nd m7 0 nn?cmf p nn p d n pp m n mb m n m d mp? M n n n d n n n n d d p n z n nm m n d àd mp nd mp d n p p n n n: d mp b nn E pd nd d d m db n n dn mb p n d p hd n d d n n n n n nq m2 0 nn. p d d dp ; d p dm ; L nd f m z n nm d nns n n p àd mp d mp n n f m n ; nd p d m m n d mmd m; d m p p m n d nm d m; nm b n n n f nm nd mm z nd n n.un m n n mm p n mn b df nm nn nn h p n p n nd p d n nd n hn p p. C nch m q d é p S y nt d

4 T dffn d nn d n n xp d éd qq fm q è d d xp nnn à d p jd. Édn Chmn N--Sôn 2014 Dépô é : pmb 2014 Édn d pmb 2014 (dxèm édn) bn PDF : : Édn Chmn 4 n Bd N--Sôn n d : B Thny Ch phq d C Sd

5 Lnd Cn And Gn Mn d p d pbbn (d 1946 d )

6 Cn dé p Syn Td

7 Ad An phé mp nh d Rpbb n

8 nd nd ndzn C n 1: L n d Rpbb n ) dff dp ) Mnh Rpbb? fndm d 2 n ) Lbzn n n d Czn.. 23 C n 2: m p n ) L zn d Rpbb ) p d m ) G p V) G hmn p C n 3: n D Gp d p nm ( ) ) D n d nà n fn d p ) L zn d 18 p ) L fm d n D Gp V) L pn p n p n znd C n 4: L d d D Gp ( ).. 53 ) «Lpzn Sz» ) D «ff» zn d 7 n ) nm D Gp (P Fnfn Sb).. 55 C n 5: L d nm ( )... 59

9 ) Lzn d Gnh pd d Rpbb n d ) D fnfnm dm ) D n Tmbn «n p» C n 6: Fz m d pp nm ( ) ) L nd fmzn ) L'mzn ) nf d nmm? C n 7: n-n ( ) ) V n-n: nn db n ) Lzn fm d Fnfn n bn d Ln ( ) ) 1 n M (nmb ) V) «Pn S» d n V) n-n md ( ) C n 8: L mzn d à n n nn Sn ) L n d Sn ) L mzn d à n: ) fndm C n 9: n p d pm nn Sn ( ) ) L d n-n ) n nm ( ) n-n ( ) ) mpm C n 10: G nn d pmb (): m d m d

10 ) L d Pzz Fnn ) L d nn ) L dm d C n 11: G nn d pmb (): m d m n ) L n x-pmn ) L B R d C Fnhn ) L B R d M V) L d m fn d B R C n 12: q md d Ad M ) L dà n ( ) ) mmn d ) nqnnq n d q M V) L n d m d Ad M C n 13: L d nn On pnp ) pm nn On ( ) ) pnp ( ) ) «CAF»: Cx-And-Fn C n 14: L d m p n 149 ) pm nm d ) 1992: Un nn dmm d ) n n d nmn fn ( ) V) L fn d Pm Rpbb d Snd Rpbb? C n 15: «L d n mp» d S Bn ) Lmpnd Bn

11 ) p Bn C n 16: L du ( ) ) n Pd ( ) ) L nd p d C n 17: dnn bnn ( ) ) n p d Bn ( ) ) f d Gn ) Pd : n d n ( ) V) «n» bnn (d 2008 d ) V) Bn d n Bn Cnn Bbf fmf Bbf Fmf L d n d Rpbb n pdn d Rpbb n: pnp p n p d Pm Rpbb p d Snd Rpbb

12 ndzn Q Mn d p d pbbn n dp n dnnmn n nà fn. Cm p h nn h m d pm n mp nd d m nnn? Cm f p nn pd n pp m n mbmn m d m p? Omn nn mnn n p n m mp d n (n nf n n bbf). T ppnn n n à ppfnd d d Rpbb. V n d p d fn pù d d n pbb mn p m h hnn nnnn d nn n n d nn pm ì ppfndmn h è n d b d n. Mn è n d q : fn n n h b dn d «n nn» (n p p zn d LEA Ln énè ppqé). P q m è f d n n mp d pf b. n n nm m d pn nn è mn pb p d n p h è p dn p mpà d à. Spm d pn n md ddfn d p d à n. d p d Mn dn p d d dp; d p d m; nd fmzn nm d nn Sn npà d m p d mpn n fm n; nd p d mmn dmm d m; d m p p mn nm d mf; nm bnn n fnmn dmmzn d «n n».

13 Un p d n nn n n n mp b è dn n d nd p nmh mnd n à dff pn m nh mn d Nd Sd d pn. L Rpbb n n 1946 dnq n nm h fn h pm d p. Amn n fn d nn On d. Un mmn h n n dz n d n n n. Fn q mmn p dnzn d pp n n n z d fnd d p: d z pbb pnd d p p n p pbb f n n d m m n mnà z. Vz h mn n à n mmn n m p n n nd d dn h nn n m m n fm à. Af Mp h p q p n nd hzz: «md d dmz pp dn md m nh q d n dmz q dppnd ì p n ff m nmp dpnbzz. D n qnd è d b n pnp d n p d m nq ppn dh b m d n h pf b nfmmn dd d p mmnd nnb nfà zn dff m p pp dzn ( nn npb) nff n nfn d S dn pp nn 1» nd f n n d mpn fm d p d m n pdnmn p. Un mbmn h bbm d p nd nh mp d n p: p è d n 1 Af Mp L Rpbb d dn n L N Ed Snd (F) 1996 p

14 m p b n nep d n d d d m d Bn n d n m bp n d ph d nd d nn n n n. N m nnn è ì fm n n «b p» d fnmn n nn h p npn nd dn nd nh p p. Q mn nmn pò d fn m nn è n pb. Pò nh zz p d n pd dm. A mn d n p à n bbf pf fn d m n bbf n q p pb d ppfndmn. Un mn nn è n b d m pbb h n zz m m pm pp d n pn d ppfndmn; h nmm f mpnd h d p d n pd d pò fm n n p d à d p n. Q è h m n n pm dn. Nn nz pn h hnn pb pbbzn d q : n pm Syn Td h h d n d n n p h pm zzzn n mz; Vnn Bn Gnn Cn M Mff Mn M hnn mn n n. S bb m pù dff. 17