Relazione scientifica Info. Università Università della Calabria Dipartimento Indirizzo. (vuoto) ARCAVACATA Di RENDE (CS) Sito

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1 Unità di COSENZA Info Università Università della Calabria Dipartimento Indirizzo ARCAVACATA Di RENDE (CS) Sito Responsabile di Unità Daniele Menniti Responsabile web Giovanni Brusco Composizione Cognome Ruolo Barone Giuseppe Dottorando Belli Grazia Dottorando Brusco Giovanni Assegnista/contrattista Burgio Alessandro Assegnista/contrattista Butera Geni Assegnista/contrattista Marino Angelo Luigi Altro Menniti Daniele Professore Associato Mollo Francesco Assegnista/contrattista Motta Michele Dottorando Pinnarelli Anna Ricercatore Sorrentino Nicola Ricercatore Vizza Pasquale Dottorando

2 Temi di ricerca Distribuzione e Smart Grid Harmonics in Power Distribution Networks The research focus on shunt active filters controlled to generate harmonic voltages so to compensate the harmonic voltages at the point of common coupling (PCC). In order to determine the harmonic voltages the filter must generate, several methods are designed and investigated using simulation software (Simulink, ATP-EMTP, Simplorer); the effectiveness is evaluated using active filter prototypes. The recent research extends to the analysis and design of repetitive controllers. Repetitive controllers are designed for eliminating harmonics in PWM voltage source inverter for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverter; the UPS inverter delivers an almost pure sinusoidal balanced voltage because output voltage harmonics are effectively eliminated at different load conditions. Repetitive controllers are also designed for single-phase and three-phase shunt active filters; the repetitive controller is optimized for odd-harmonics (i.e. high gain at those frequencies for which is required a compensating action) and disturbances in general. Repetitive controllers are also combined with traditional PI or PID controllers and fuzzy controllers so to improve transient performance against step change in load condition and/or overshoot behavior. Systems under study involve both islanded and grid-connected cases. [1] An active resonance dumper which avoids the estimation of the line characteristic impedence. ELSEVIER 2014 Distribuzione e Smart Grid Power electronic grid interface with grid ancillary services A control methodology for the power electronic interface of renewable source plants is proposed to provide grid ancillary services in order to safeguard the reliability, the stability and the power quality of the electrical system. The proposed control methodology is based on a P-Q control strategy developed so as to combine the advantages of the current control and the voltage control strategies; as known, the former is to be preferred to ensure stability of the whole conversion system, while the latter allows a more accurate generation of the reference voltages necessary for applying the PWM voltage technique. [1] Design of a grid-connected Photovoltaic system with ancillary services. AFRICON 2013 Produzione e Fonti Rinnovabili Production and Demand predictive models The research activity addresses the issue of the forecast of electricity demand (of one or more consumers possibly aggregated) and the production of renewable energy plants; predictive models so far created are valid for short-term forecasts, with a time horizon of 48 hours. The research extends to the use of storage systems whose charge and discharge cycles are governed by the same predictive models. The research involves the study of artificial neural networks as a forecasting tool.

3 Produzione e Fonti Rinnovabili Single-phase laboratory-scale prototype of MPPT The research activity focuses on the development of a single-phase laboratory-scale prototype of DC/DC converter operating as MPPT for a photovoltaic plant. Some MPPT techniques, analyzed in Matlab / Simulink simulation environment (Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance, and the innovative Fuzzy-based MPPT) have been implemented on microcontroller. The control and the acquisition of the signals have been implemented with the aid of the microcontroller ATMega1284P with clock frequency of 16MHz, by use of an external quartz. In particular, the techniques have shown high efficiencies exceeding 8%, the only differences relate to the stability and the response time. [1] A Self Adaptive Fuzzy Logic MPPT Controller Based on Genetic Algorithm. IREMOS 2013 Produzione e Fonti Rinnovabili Concentrating Dish Stirling engine The research activities focus on the use of Stirling technology in the micro-cogeneration with regard to a concentrated solar power system. The model of a free-piston Striling engine have been developed and tested in Matlab/Simulink. The goodness of the model has been validated in the laboratory, using the measurement of test facility with a free-piston Stirling engine of MicroGen installed. [1] The concentrated solar power system with Stirling technology in a micro-grid: the simulation model. SPEEDAM 2014 Produzione e Fonti Rinnovabili Energy district power management model The research activity is focused on the implementation of an energy management approach of several prosumers aggregated in an energy district. An Energy District (ED) is a center of consumption and production of energy, made of consumers, producers and prosumers, interconnected both from electrical and thermal point of view. Two local electricity market models will be proposed: the first, named Local Market Model (LM) considers the distribution network transparent, i.e. without taking into account any technical constraints on transport capacity. The second model, named Constrained Local Market Model (CLM), however, considers a maximum value for the transport capacity over which congestion problems on the distribution network can be occurred. At this scope, the possibility to use a storage system to solve the congestion problems is proposed. [1] Energy Management System for an Energy District with demand response availability. IEEE Trans. on Smart Grid [2] Management of storage systems in local electricity market to avoid renewable power curtailment in distribution network. AUPEC 2014 [3] Local Electricity Market involving end-user Distributed Storage System. EEEIC 2015 [4] A local market model involving prosumers taking into account distribution network congestions in Smart Cities. IREE 2104 [5] In the future Smart Cities: coordination of micro Smart Grids in a Virtual Energy District. SPEEDAM 2014

4 Utilizzazione Demand response The research activity is focused on the implementation of a novel Demand Response approach based on a hierarchical management scheme. The traditional aggregator-decider figure is substituted by a coordinator figure, or rather one which limits itself to managing the decisions made by each prosumer, stimulating and awarding attitudes responding to price signals which are sent by the same coordinator. The proposed scheme is completely decentralized in that each prosumer can autonomously make decisions based on their requirements and aims by means of the solution of the prosumer problem. In particular, the proposed DR program is based on the prosumer s attitude to changing their profile in relation to the renewable energy available quantifying that which it believes to be necessary to save in order to repay themselves for the inconvenience caused by rescheduling their own consumption. In this way, from a decentralized perspective, the coalition coordinator leaves the decision to participate in the DR program and at what price to each prosumer. The coalition coordinator, then, has the role to manage these offers and to choose ones that maximize the ED utility implementing an auction. Using the proposed approach, the DR program also addresses the problem of energy reverse flow in more cases reducing the sale and thus the injection of energy to the grid. [1] Demand response program implementation in an energy district of domestic prosumers. AFRICON 2013 Produzione e Fonti Rinnovabili CHP based agro industrial microgrids The research activities focus on a microgrid inspired by the needs and the potentials of its application in the agro-industrial field; for such a microgrid, an optimization problem to optimal size all generators, including stirling engines, micro gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells for the simultaneous and combined on-site production of heat and power was developed. Moreover, supposing that the energy management system will dispatch power and heat by applying priority criteria, a set of criteria desumed by the practice and interviews were defined. A number of comparison were performed so to the calculate the economic benefits and saving returned by the adoption of CHP units. Demand profiles by the grid point of view always deeply changed, especially nighttime when the local Stirlingbased engines might provide all the power for local needs; remarks about a net-consuming close to zero were provided. The reduction of imbalance due to the adoption of DGs, distinguishing between positive and negative imbalance, was calculated and studied. [1] Optimal sizing of DGs for a CHP-based agro-industrial microgrid with a priority criteria operational strategy. IREE 2014 [2] About the effectiveness, the electric demand profile impact and the imbalance reduction of an optimal sized CHP generator for an agro-industrial microgrid using real data. IREE 2015 Distribuzione e Smart Grid Smart user network The research activities focus on a novel configuration of micro grid called Smart User Network. The principal characteristic of this microgrid is that it integrates different types of loads, energy storage systems and renewable energy micro-sources by means of a common DC bus. The SUN is connected to the grid by a Power Electronic Interface (PEI) providing the required flexibility to ensure operation as a single aggregated system and to maintain the specified power quality and energy output. A power management and control strategy with grid ancillary service support is implemented based on the use of a distributed control strategy so-called DC bus signaling. This control strategy maintains the reliability inherent in the structure of the system by using the DC bus itself as the communication link. Several numerical simulation using the simulation model of a SUN implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Moreover, several experimental results have been obtained from the operation of a single-phase laboratory-scale prototype of a SUN. [1] A power management and control strategy with grid-ancillary services for a microgrid based on DC Bus. IREE 2014

5 Altri temi Energy saving in streetlight application The return on investment from adopting centralized energy saving systems for street lighting can be compromised by voltage drop in long distribution lines. Large, centralized systems can reduce the output voltage sufficiently to dim distant high intensity discharge lamps. This research activity explores alternative dimming techniques and study the behavior of a 400 W HPS lamp when supplied by trapezoidal or rectangular voltages rather than the conventional sinusoidal supply. The efficiency and effectiveness of these alternatives are assessed by means of laboratory experiments. [1] A novel technique for energy savings by dimming high pressure sodium lamps mounted with magnetic ballasts using a centralized system. EPSR 2013 Trasmissione e Super Grid Supergrid and FACTS controller The research activities focus on the features of FACTS controllers in managing power flows in a Super Grid framework proposing the Multifunctional FACTS Controller (MFC). In particular, in order to improve the MFC performances, fuzzy controllers have been designed. The increase of transmission line power capacity in a rapid manner can be obtained supporting the rapid variation of the power generation by renewable plants. Nevertheless the obtained results are satisfactory further studies are needed in order to investigate the behavior of MFC in improving power system angle stability. [1] Improving Super Grid Performances Using Multifunctional FACTS Controller. IREMOS 2014

6 Progetti Programma di Energie Rinnovabili e Micro-Cogenerazione per l'agroindustria (PON01_ MICROPERLA) Prof. Riccardo Barberi MIUR - PON 2007/2013 Ricerca e competitività: Energie Rinnovabili e Micro-Cogenerazione Il progetto mira a realizzare cicli energetici innovativi per il settore agroindustriale, grazie a sistemi flessibili di piccola taglia per l autoproduzione di energia dal gas prodotto a partire dagli scarti agro-industriali e dall energia solare con cogenerazione. L'obiettivo strategico generale è la messa a punto di sistemi innovativi ed integrabili tra loro in una Smart-Grid per la produzione decentrata e diffusa di energia elettrica e termica con alte efficienze di conversione. Organismi di ricerca: 1. Università della Calabria (capofila), 2. CNR-ITM, CNR-IPCF, 3. ENEA Imprese: 1. Varat srl, 2. Steel Tech srl, 3. Ungaro srl, 4. Innova Solar Energy srl, 5. Tecnap srl, 6. Società Agricola Masseria Caporelli Snc di G.Mercatante, 7. OSAS Soc. Coop. agricola a r.l., Sistemi Domotici per il Servizio di Brokeraggio Energetico Cooperativo -(PON01_02582 DISTRETTO DOMUS) Prof. Daniele Menniti MIUR - PROGRAMMA OPERATIVO NAZIONALE Ricerca e Competitività L idea è quella di ricorrere a sistemi innovativi di interazione con il mercato libero consistenti in opportuni servizi di brokeraggio energetico per aggregazioni di utenti, per il perseguimento della riduzione delle tariffe sfruttando a pieno le tecnologie ICT per supportare reti intelligenti (smart grids). Partner: - Università degli Studi della Calabria - CNR Istituto di Calcolo e Reti Ad Alte Prestazioni (ICAR) - Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria - SI-IES s.r.l. - TELECOM ITALIA

7 RES NOVAE (Reti, Edifici, Strade - Nuovi Obiettivi Virtuosi per l Ambiente e l Energia) - PON04_00146 Prof. Natale Arcuri MIUR - PROGRAMMA OPERATIVO NAZIONALE Ricerca e Competitività Il progetto aspira a ricercare, modellizzare e sperimentare su scala dimostrativa un sistema complesso e dinamico di gestione avanzata dei flussi energetici a livello municipale, basato sull integrazione di tecnologie in ambito energia ed informatica, tra loro ottimizzate, al fine di ridurre i costi energetici, potenziare la multi-generazione diffusa di energia da fonti rinnovabili, contenere l impatto ambientale ed accrescere la consapevolezza della questione energetico-ambientale. Partners: - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Datamanagement S.p.A, - Enel Distribuzione S.p.A., - General Electric Transportation Systems S.p.A. - Enel Distribuzione S.p.A., IBM Italia S.p.A., Elettronika S.r.l., Politecnico di Bari, ENEA MATERIA - PON a3_00370 Prof. Riccardo Barberi MIUR - PROGRAMMA OPERATIVO NAZIONALE Ricerca e Competitività MaTeRiA è un'iniziativa congiunta tra l'unical e il CNISM che ha la finalità di creare un centro di servizio "MaTeRiA", con visibilità internazionale, per lo studio di materiali per tecnologie avanzate all'interno di un sistema integrato che raccorda la ricerca di base prodotta in ambito universitario con la costruzione prototipale di dimostratori che ne validano le potenzialità applicative individuate tramite un approfondito studio di specifiche proprietà di interesse applicativo. Partner: - Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia (CNISM)

8 SCADA integrato Col AdMin - PON 01_02582 Col Alessandro MIUR - PROGRAMMA OPERATIVO NAZIONALE Ricerca e Competitività Sistema integrato di comando, controllo, protezione e supervisione di processi di produzione, trasmissione e distribuzione (SCADA) dell'energia elettrica da fonti rinnovabili e non, con interfaccia-periferiche verso campo dei processi, atto all'utilizzo razionale dell'energia elettrica. Col Giovanni Paolo spa (Torino) Consorzio Inter-universitario Nazionale per l'energia e i Sistemi Elettrici (EnSiEL) Il progetto consiste nello sviluppo di una piattaforma base SW Scada energy edition Smart grid: driver per lo sviluppo di nuovi modelli energetici Prof. Daniele Menniti Regione Calabria Dipartimento Attività Produttive Finanziamento di progetti di ricerca industriale e sviluppo sperimentale rivolti alle aziende aggregate ai Poli di Innovazione Partners: - Consorzio abn a&b network sociale - Cooperativa TEC - A.KR.E.A. S.P.A. AZIENDA KROTONESE PER L ENERGIA E L AMBIENTE Piattaforma Integrata per Smart City e Building Automation Prof. DAniele Menniti Regione Calabria Progettazione e realizzazione di una infrastruttura di comunicazione che sia capace di gestire e controllare diversi tipi di apparecchiature in ambito pubblico e privato. Tale progetto si configura come un esigenza di mercato non ancora soddisfatta ed agisce su due settori complementari, come le smart city e la building automation. Partner: - E.D.P. Electronics Devices Power Srl

9 Laboratori Laboratorio Sistemi Elettrici per l'energia The activities in the laboratory consist of experimental research in the fields of production, transmission, distribution of electricity using simulation software, equipment and tools and laboratory-scale prototypes including wind turbine, photovoltaic sy

10 Didattica Corso CFU CdL Impianti Elettrici 6 Ingegneria elettronica Sistemi Elettrici per l'energia Sistemi Elettrici Sistemi Elettrici Industriali Sistemi Elettrici (Esercitatore) Sistemi Elettrici Industriali (Esercitatore) Sistemi Elettrici Laurea Magistrale in Ingegneria Energetica Laurea Triennale Ingegneria Meccanica Ingegneria Chimica Ingegneria Meccanica Ingegneria Chimica Ingegneria Gestionale