Da colture dedicate agli scarti dell'agroindustria: biotecnologie, economia circolare e Green Jobs. Nicoletta Ravasio CNR ISTM, Milano

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1 Da colture dedicate agli scarti dell'agroindustria: biotecnologie, economia circolare e Green Jobs Nicoletta Ravasio CNR ISTM, Milano

2 Transizioni socio-economiche OCSE: 30% in 2030

3 $ Billions Billions $ in 2021 CAGR 8,9%!!!! Non energetic bioproducts Energetic Bioproducts Biorefinery Products: Global Markets BCC Research, april 2014, EGY117A

4 IEA Bioenergy Task 42: Biorefinery is the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of marketable products System integration occupation Multiple products Sustainability climat uso Social health profitable Environmental H 2 O salute Economic acidification pay-back

5 VeLiCa 02/ /2013 From ancient crops materials and products for the future

6 Protein hydrolisates Oil ω-3, ω-6 Pressing Biofuels Lubricants Polyols Varietal selection scrutching Biomass Fiber Oligomers and sugars Green building materials

7 Agronomia Biologia molecolare Genomica vegetale Studio di proteine Piante non-food per energia IBBA Catalisi enzimatica Sostanze organiche naturali Biologia molecolare Chimica farmaceutica Proteine ICRM Caratterizzazione NMR oli, sostanze naturali proteine Preparazione, caratterizzazione compositi Catalisi omogenea Sintesi organica Fibre naturali ISMAC UniMi + UniPv Catalisi enzimatica Biotecnologie Biologia Molecolare Caratterizzazione biochimica Catalisi eterogenea Trasformazioni oli vegetali Oli non-food per energia Sintesi organica Processi sostenibili ISTM

8 Biologia molecolare IBBA ICRM ISM Proteine IBBA ICRM ISMAC Catalisi ICRM ISMAC ISM ISTM Piante e oli per energia IBBA ISTM Formulazione, caratterizzazione compositi ISMAC Polimerizzazione ISMAC

9 ACE inibitori dal panello degrassato G. Speranza, G. Boschin et al. J. Agr. Food Chem., in corso di stampa

10 Verso l industrializzazione Prototipi industriali (Davifil s.r.l.) M. Bianchetto Songia, A. Patrucco, F. Ramella Pollone, M.N. Ravasio, C.Tonin Materiale composito di origine naturale e metodo per la sua fabbricazione Dom Brev Ind GE2012A ( ), Rilasciato 05 settembre 2014 con n

11 Coordinatore IBBA Partners CNR: ISPA Istituto di scienza delle produzioni alimentari; ISMAC Istituto di studio delle macromolcole; IBF Istituto di biofisica; IRSA Istituto di ricerca sulle acque

12 make use dispose Linear economy

13 UniPv Proteine olio ISTM Silice steroli UniMi lignina cellulosa ISMAC RiceRes Rapporto Enel Symbola storie di Economia Circolare

14 Extraction Hulling Rice husk Milling Rice bran Whitening 1 tonn 70 kg 200 kg Rice bran oil tonn

15 WP2 Insulating materials for green-building Waste wool rice straw Composite of natural origin and method for its preparation Italian Pat. Appl. GE2012A ( ), Granted n

16 WP2 A comparison Polystyrene panels: Free-standing Thermal Cond. (λ) 0.03 W/m o K low cost low density fossil based Not recyclable Very bad fire behaviour Wool materials: Excellent fire behaviour recyclable and compostable produced from waste renewable materials Thermal Cond (λ) 0.05 W/m o K Not free-standing higher cost Wool&Straw panels: Free standing! Good fire behaviour Resistant to moth and molds Highly perspirant Suitable for anti-sismic building reciclable and compostable produced from waste renewable materials Thermal Cond.(λ) W/m o K higher cost

17 weight % WP2 Biofillers from husks T mr ( C) PP/PPg 368 PP/PPg/BF 10% 372 PP/PPg/BF 20% 387 Biofiller: controlled degradation to obtain silica particles covered by a carbon residue Thermal stability increases (barrier effect due to C residue). T mr: weight loss maximum rate T ( C)

18 Silica from vegetables: Phytolits Silica increases a tyre s wet grip and cuts its rolling resistance by around 30%. That translates into a 5-7% reduction in fuel consumption.

19 Unexploited potential Rice (MMT) Bran (MMT) Oil potential (MMT) Oil actual (MMT) China India Indonesia Bangladesh World Source: Accessed 10 September 2012 A. G. Gopala Krishna, INFORM 2013, 24(4), Too Acidic!!! (Rancid)

20 Monoglycerides Emulsifiers, preservatives, additives in food cosmetics pharmaceuticals E 471

21 WP1 Sterols from gamma orizanol SiZr 5, 180 C 12 h Conv 93% Sel 100 %

22 Defatted Bran Proteins polysaccharides Rice Bran Oil Waxes γ - orizanol

23 WP4 Protein from defatted bran Oil DFB Xilanases, Phytases Hydrolysed Vegetal Proteins - HVPs Biological properties Functional properties Organolectic properties Infant formulas foaming, surfactant, emulsifying action Umami taste Functional foods, cosmetics, taste enhancers

24 Defatted BSG Proteins ArabinoXilans Oil

25 Antioxydants Antibacterial and antifungal agents Paraben food and cosmetics BHT E321 oral care products sost. Triclosan BHA E320 Metabolits potentially carcinogenics. Max 0,02% (FDA) Poultry Sci, 2016, 95,

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27 Fat with unusual composition C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0 C20:1 C22:0 C24:0 Coffee Silver Skin Spent Coffee Ground

28 Chlorgenic acid esters Anti-aging UV screen Antimicrobial Anti-inflammatory

29 Chlorgenic acid esters R = C8 C12 C16 Anti-aging UV screen Antimicrobial Anti-inflammatory

30 Paper from silverskin Cellulose from silverskin allows to save 10-15% virgin cellulose CSS fat could improve grease resistance

31 Industrial Symbiosis Lipid fraction Paper Lipid and phenolic fraction Cosmetic products Cellulosic fraction

32 Industria cosmetica 10,5 Miliardi di (2016) con addetti Italia 4 in Europa (51,56% in Lombardia) 54% donne vs 28% manifatturiero

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34 Il siero di latte: «from gutter to gold» 94% circa del volume di latte BOD = mg/l COD = ppm di O 2 Un litro di siero ha un carico ambientale uguale a quello prodotto da una persona nell arco delle 24 ore. 8 Milioni tonn/anno

35 Il siero di latte: «from gutter to gold» Cheese Vat Cheese Cream separator Whey cream Whey UF retentate UF permeate 9.4 miliardi $ nel 2017 Whey proteins Whey Permeate Crystallization Lactose Delactose permeate Statista 2017 UF: Ultrafiltration 2,5 miliardi

36 D-Tagatose F. Zaccheria et al., Green Chemistry, 2017, 19,

37 Iso-sorbide Sharp Aquo Crystal Mazda CX-5

38 Thank You