Temperature correction in the GeoMol Italian Pilot Area

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Temperature correction in the GeoMol Italian Pilot Area Giulio Torri 1, Fabio Carlo Molinari 1 1 Servizio Geologico Sismico e dei Suoli, Regione Emilia Romagna Italian GeoMol team: Servizio Geologico

1 Temperature correction in the GeoMol Italian Pilot Area Giulio Torri 1, Fabio Carlo Molinari 1 1 Servizio Geologico Sismico e dei Suoli, Regione Emilia Romagna Italian GeoMol team: Servizio Geologico d Italia - ISPRA: Chiara D Ambrogi, Fernando Ferri, Francesco Emanuele Maesano SGSS - Regione Emilia Romagna: Fabio Carlo Molinari, Giulio Torri Regione Lombardia: Alessandro Cagnoni, Andrea Piccin & the collaboration of CNR IGAG: Edoardo Monesi, Giancarlo Scardia; INGV: Pierfrancesco Burrato

2 .. Pilot Area GEOMOL WP6: 3D GEOLOGY & GEO- POTENTIALS elaborating common methods and workflows for subsurface potential assessment incl. temperature model Geothermal energy

4 Example of Horner Correction (Horner, 1951) Vignola 001 Well: 4 values at 3460m depth, same circulation time (t) for the 4 measures, and values of times since circulation. (

6 Zschocke Correction (Zschocke, 2005) Where: Q: Thermal history of the well, given by Q of Kutasov (Kutasov, 1999); K in : Rock thermal conductivity; r 2 b: borehole radius; k in : Rock thermal diffusivity; t e : time since circulation; t c : circulation time; E 1 : exponential integral; When circlation time is not available, it s possible calculate it with the following equation, formulated for the Po Basin s wells (Pasquale et al., 2008) t c = z z 2 z: depth (m)

7 Example of Simple Correction ( This method considers the BHT value and the time after stop circulation (dt).

9 If no data about time since circulation are available, the AAPG method has been used (Dening, 1989). It is an empirical correction based on a fourth degree polynomial which can correct the average geothermal gradient according to the depth. T = az + bz 2 + cz 3 + dz 4 T is the temperature correction (in C) and z the depth (in m). The a, b, c and d coefficients are given by the following table: The red cells are the values used for temperature correction. (Dening, 1989)

With at least two reliable measurements within the same lithostratigraphic interval,

11 Examples from Vignola 001 and Corte Vittoria 001 wells. The corrected BHT are related to the synthetic stratigraphy of the wells. With at least two reliable measurements within the same lithostratigraphic interval, it is possible to calculate a linear gradient. The whole data on the log can be interpolated using a third order polynomial formula.

13 Examples Finally were used 11 deep wells deep in order to create maps of heat flow and geothermal gradient in the sector of the Ferrara folds. To create the maps we used the values of the heat flow and geothermal gradient calculated in silicoclastic succession (Oligocene-Miocene) Vignola 001: depth 3500 m, Geothermal gradient: 33 C/Km; Heat Flow: 70 mw/mq Corte Vittoria 001: depth 6500 m, Geothermal gradient: 27,9 C/Km; Heat Flow: 59,1 mw/mq Cascina Nuova 1 dir: depth 3450 m, Geothermal gradient: 14 C/Km; Heat Flow: 30 mw/mq Marrara 1: depth 3500 m, Geothermal gradient: 18,5 C/Km; Heat Flow: 40 mw/mq S.Felice s.panaro 1:depth 3450 m, Geothermal gradient: 14 C/Km; Heat Flow: 30 mw/mq Concordia 1: depth 5000 m, Geothermal gradient: 10 C/Km; Heat Flow: 21 mw/mq Cavone 1: depth 5500 m, Geothermal gradient: 13,5 C/Km; Heat Flow: 28 mw/mq Bagnolo in Piano 2: depth 5733 m Geothermal gradient: 12 C/Km; Heat Flow: 25 mw/mq Castelnovo 1dir: depth 6500 m, Geothermal gradient: 13 C/Km; Heat Flow: 32 mw/mq S.Giovanni 1:depth 4550 m, Geothermal gradient: 12 C/Km; Heat Flow: 25 mw/mq Spada 1:depth 4250 m Geothermal gradient: 14 C/Km; Heat Flow: 30 mw/mq

geothermal gradient and heat flow due to structural setting North Adriatic

17 Ferrara Folds/Adriatic Foredeep we have lower geothermal gradient and heat flow but In the first meters depth we have a fictitious geothermal gradient and heat flow due to structural setting North Adriatic Monocline we have higher geothermal gradient and heat flow due to structural setting

18 References: AGIP (1977) Temperature sotterranee (Subterranean temperatures). AGIP, Milan, 1390 pp. and unpublished updates up to Dening D. (1989) Application of bottom-hole temperature corrections in geothermal studies. Geothermics, 18(5/6), pp Horner, D. R., (1951), Pressure build-up in wells: Proceedings of the Third World Petroleum Congress, 2, Kutasov I. M., (1999) Applied Geothermics for Petroleum Engineers (Amsterdam: Elsevier) Pasquale, V., Chiozzi, P., Gola, G. & Verdoya, M., (2008). Depth time correction of petroleum bottom-hole temperatures in the Po Plain, Italy, Geophysics, 73, Zschocke, A., (2005). Correction of non-equilibrated temperature logs and implications for geothermal investigations, J. geophys. Eng., 2,

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