COLLOCATIONS. Match the nouns on the right column with the most appropriate adjective in current Italian:

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1 COLLOCATIONS 1. Collocating nouns ad adjectives in Italian Match the nouns on the right column with the most appropriate adjective in current Italian: 1. DESIDERIO 2. DOLORE 3.UMILIAZIONE 4. CARATTERE 5. CALDO A. FOCOSO B. TORRIDO C. COCENTE D. INFUOCATO E. BRUCIANTE F. ROVENTE G. ARDENTE H. SCOTTANTE I. BOLLENTE Key: 1g 2c 3e 4a 5b desiderio ardente dolore cocente umiliazione bruciante carattere focoso caldo torrido 2. Collocating colours in Italian: Complete the following phrases with a colour, according to the natural Italian speech: DI RABBIA DI VERGOGNA 3. UN PERIODO... (= sfortunatissimo) 4. UNA VITA... (= monotona) Key: 1. Verde di rabbia 2. Rosso di vergogna 3. Un periodo nero 4. Una vita grigia 1

2 3. Types of collocations in English ADJECTIVES with a particular NOUN a heavy/strong wind a heavy/strong rain a heavy/strong/big smoker a heavy/strong/big tea a heavy/strong/big eater a burning/blazing desire a burning/blazing row (NB: pron. /raʊ/, litigio, /rəʊ/ fila ) NOUNS with some ADJECTIVES, VERBS or PHRASES a freak/monster of nature a golden opportunity/chance thanks/thank you a lot change one s mind/idea PREPOSITIONS with certain VERBS (PHRASAL VERBS) graduated from/at the University of Tor Vergata Paul was named after/from his granddad Eyes filled with/of tears ADVERBS intensifying ADJECTIVES bitterly disappointed hopelessly addicted sound asleep keenly aware 2

A tall mountain or a high tree would be considered wrong use of the language. Such combination of words are called collocations.

3 4. Collocations defined A combination of words that are typically used together. For example, we say a tall tree and a high mountain, but not a tall mountain or a high tree. A tall mountain or a high tree would be considered wrong use of the language. Such combination of words are called collocations. We say that tall collocates with tree, but it does not collocate with mountain. 5. How to identify collocations in a dictionary entry You have to look at the examples in a dictionary for learners (e.g., the Cambridge Advanced Learner s Dictionary, or the Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary). Collocations are shown in bald character. Examples: 3

6. Collocation dictionaries There are specific dictionaries

you see, the dictionary suggests the adjectives, verbs and

4 6. Collocation dictionaries There are specific dictionaries for collocations. They are different from usual monolingual dictionaries. This is how an entry in a collocation dictionary appears: As you see, the dictionary suggests the adjectives, verbs and prepositions that may go with the entry word row in common use. There is also a dictionary of Italian collocations: 4

5 This is how collocations are explained in this dictionary: Le collocazioni sono espressioni formate da due o più parole che per uso e consuetudine lessicale formano una unità fraseologica non fissa ma riconoscibile. Spesso non vi è alcun nesso logico che leghi i termini tra loro, né le corrette combinazioni possono essere desunte da un ragionamento o da una regola: pensiamo per esempio alle espressioni tessere un elogio, o discussione accesa. Così, se possiamo lanciare un appello, non è possibile tirare un appello, benché lanciare e tirare siano sinonimi. In modo analogo, forte guadagno è una collocazione comune, mentre potente guadagno è una espressione non in uso. And this is an example of an entry from the Italian collocation dictionary: 5

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