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3 Introduzione La criminalità organizzata in Spagna. Il caso dei lancheros gallegos. approfondisce il fenomeno criminale autoctono strettamente legato al narcotraffico, sviluppatosi dagli anni ottanta in Galizia, regione a nord ovest della Spagna. Il lavoro di ricerca è stato svolto per la maggior parte attingendo a fonti in lingua spagnola, acquisite sia sul campo attraverso la possibilità offerta dal programma Erasmus, sia sotto forma di articoli per mezzo dei grandi archivi giornalistici dei quotidiani spagnoli nazionali e locali. Le uniche fonti in lingua italiana sono state impiegate in determinati paragrafi dei capitoli primo e quarto, quest ultimo eseguito grazie alle conoscenze fornite dal corso di Sociologia della criminalità organizzata. I soli riferimenti alla criminalità galiziana esistenti in lingua italiana riguardano il ruolo giocato nella cosiddetta catena della cocaina (catena del valore del mercato della cocaina), argomento originario della tesi, e sono contenuti in Cocaina s.p.a. di Vincenzo Spagnolo, nella relazione annuale 2010 della D.C.S.A. ed in un audizione del procuratore Grasso presso la commissione antimafia. Trattasi tuttavia di pochissime righe che non approfondiscono l'argomento ma che citano solamente il coinvolgimento di singoli individui in operazioni di narcotraffico. Una volta conosciuta la destinazione del soggiorno Erasmus, l'argomento della ricerca fu modificato in modo tale da approfondire un ambito quasi sconosciuto in Italia. Il percorso di studio ha avuto inizio attraverso un approfondita ricerca bibliotecaria effettuata presso la Universidade de Santiago de Compostela e l'archivio bibliotecario integrato della regione autonoma Galizia. Parallelamente sono stati utilizzati tutti i mezzi di ricerca informatici e consultate alcune persone interessate personalmente all'argomento, grazie alle quali è stato possibile scoprire l'esistenza di una Fundación Galega Contra o Narcotráfico, simile sotto alcuni aspetti all'associazione italiana Libera. Il confronto con persone impegnate da molti anni nel contrasto al narcotraffico ha consentito un ampliamento della bibliografia e una visita Paglia Stefano, La criminalità organizzata in Spagna. Il caso dei lancheros Gallegos 2/79

4 personale ad alcuni beni confiscati ai più importanti esponenti della criminalità locale. Una volta terminata la raccolta delle informazioni si è proceduto alla stesura della tesi con un corposo primo capitolo necessario a contestualizzare la criminalità galiziana nel contesto spagnolo e parallelamente evidenziare i principali fattori attrattivi presentati dal sistema stato iberico. Se dunque alcune informazioni sono state ricavate in maniera prettamente nozionistica, la maggior parte di esse è il frutto di una ricerca empirica sul campo e dell'applicazione del modello teorico esplicato nel corso di Sociologia della criminalità organizzata ad una realtà criminale straniera. Capitolo 1: Paglia Stefano, La criminalità organizzata in Spagna. Il caso dei lancheros Gallegos 3/79

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