ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF OLIVE OIL

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1 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF OLIVE OIL Visioli et al. Low density lipoprotein oxidation is inhibited by olive oil constituents. Atherosclerosis 1995; 117: Visioli et al. Free radical-scavenging properties of olive oil polyphenols. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 247: Visioli et al. Oleuropein protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation Life Sci 1994; 55:

2 OLIVE OIL AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS Visioli et al. Oleuropein, the bitter principle of olives, enhances nitric oxide production by mouse macrophages Life Sci 1998; 62: Visioli et al. Olive oil phenolics are dose-dependently absorbed in humans FEBS Lett 2000; 468:

3 BREAST CANCER AND DIETARY FATTY ACID DAILY INTAKE Monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) had independent opposit effects: MUFA were significantly inversely and PUFA were significantly positively associated with risk of invasive breast cancer Wolk A et al. A prospective study of association of monounsaturated fat and. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158:

4 ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) AND INCREASED RISK OF CANCER n-6 PUFA peroxidation unsaturated?,? aldehydes mutagenic activity on DNA Breast cancer Colon rectal cancer Food and Chem Toxicol 2000; 38: 647

5 EFFECTS OF MUFA ON IMMUNE FUNCTIONS AND INFLAMMATORY MECHANISMS HIGH MUFA INTAKE DECREASES: 1) Tissue responsiveness to cytokines 2) ICAM1 expression by blood mononuclear cells 3) VCAM1 expression by endothelial cells (- 40%) Yaqoob et al. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 67: Carluccio et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19:

6 LA TERAPIA IPOCOLESTEROLEMIZZANTE ALLA LUCE DELLE LINEE GUIDA ATP-III NCEP - ATP III National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III AHA-ACC Guidelines for Preventing Heart Attack cholesterol management secondary prevention

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8 NCEP National Cholesterol Education Program ATP - ADULT TREATMENT PANEL 1) ATP- I (1988): prevenzione primaria a lungo termine livelli di LDL-cholesterolo, fattori di rischio 2) ATP- II (1993): prevenzione secondaria nell infarto, LDL-colesterolo <100 mg/dl 3) ATP- III (2001): prevenzione primaria in presenza di molteplici fattori di rischio, rischio a 10 anni, risk equivalents, più intensa terapia ipocolesterolemizz., HDL, TG, diabete

9 NCEP National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III - ADULT TREATMENT PANEL ) Focus su fattori di rischio multipli Diabete = CHD Rischio assoluto a 10 anni (dal Framingham) Pazienti con fattori di rischio multipli (sindrome metabol.) 2) Modificazioni della classificazione lipoproteica LDL-colesterolo <100 ottimale HDL-colesterolo basso, da 35 a 40 mg/dl TG maggiore attenzione ai modesti incrementi 3) Approccio diagnostico e terapeutico Profilo lipoproteico completo Incoraggiato l uso dei fitosteroli e delle fibre solubili Stile di vita

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11 ATP - III JAMA, May 16, 2001 Vol 285:

12 ATP - III JAMA, May 16, 2001 Vol 285:

13 Confronto fra livelli sierici di Colesterolo LDL e Colesterolo Non-HDL per tre categorie di rischio (Livelli di Trigliceridi > 200 mg/dl) Categoria di rischio CHD e rischio equivalente (rischio a 10 anni di CHD > 20%) 2 o + fattori di rischio e rischio a 10 anni di CHD<20% 0-11 fattori di rischio Livelli di LDL (mg/dl) < 100 mg/dl < 130 mg/dl < 160 mg/dl Livelli di Non-HDL (mg/dl) < 130 mg/dl < 160 mg/dl < 190 mg/dl Colesterolo Non-HDL= Colesterolo totale - HDL (Livello desiderato: LDL + 30 mg/dl)

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